Describe enthropy. What the entropy describes about a system, the statistical (boltzmann) definition of the entropy, and two example systems illustrating the Boltzmann definition of entropy.

Q: 1. a) Why is chemical potential analogous to temperature and pressure? b) Under what circumstance…

A: a). The energy that can be released or absorbed due to the change of number of particles of the…

Q: If the entropy of the system increases during a reversible process, the entropy change of the…

A: The entropy change of the system depends upon the randomness. As the randomness of the system…

Q: Explain how thermodynamic stability differes from kinetic stability. Can a substance or system be…

A: Kinetics is about how a reaction takes place, whether slow or fast.Thermodynamics is about if a…

Q: With a typical example, explain the concept of residual entropy

A: The difference in entropy of a substance between its non-equilibrium state and its crystal state…

Q: The second law of thermodynamics states that, like energy, the entropy of the universe is constant.…

A: The second law states that there exist a useful state variable called entropy S .

Q: Introduction to state functions (thermodynamics )

A: State Function : A property whose value doesn't depend upon the path taken to reach that specific…

Q: the work done on a system (+delta G) ro bring it into an ordered state (negative delta S)

A: When work is done on the system (+∆G) to bring it into an ordered state (-∆S).

Q: What is "Gibb's Free Energy"? How is it related to the Enthalpy and Entropy of a system at…

A: we denote gibb's free energy by G and the change in gibb's free energy is denoted by ΔG

Q: Explain the single criterion for a physical process to be classified as spontaneous.

A: Spontaneous processes are the changes occur without work to be done on the system and it occurs…

Q: 2.) Calculate the entropy for parking in a parking lot with 10 parking spots, assuming you can park…

A: Entropy is the degree of disorderness or randomness in a system. To calculate entropy, Boltzmann…

Q: the work done on a system (+delta G) to bring it into an ordered state (negative delta S), which of…

A: When work is done on the system (+∆G) to bring it into an ordered state (-∆S).

Q: Can a perpetual motion machine exists given the laws of thermodynamics?

A: Perpetual motion machine: It is an idealistic concept which moves indefinitely without any energy…

Q: How can i know what's entropy?

A: Entropy is a thermodynamic concept, as well as a measurable physical property that is most commonly…

Q: What is the significance of entropy being a state function?

A:

Q: A closed system will spontaneously proceed in a direction of maximum randomness

A: Entropy is defined as a measure of disorderness or unevenness of the system

Q: Using the Boltzmanns formula calculate the entropy of 1.13e12 molxeules if they are randomly…

A: Calculation of residual entropy :

Q: calculate the molar entropy of an ideal gas

A: Entropy is the measure of randomness or disorder.letter S is used for the entropy .molar entropy is…

Q: Write any two consequences of the application of the second law of thermodynamics with suitable…

A: The universe entropy (also referred as randomness) always tend to increase in accordance with…

Q: Which of the following thermodynamic functions can be measured absolutely? A. Internal Energy B.…

A: Given : We have to tell which of the following can be measured absolutely.

Q: Using thermody aynam ic: erms of entropy, change. Describe briefly the meaning of the term Gibbs…

A: a)  Entropy of the universe is always increasing, for the spontaneous process.  The entropy of the…

Q: Define Gibbs energy.

A: Thermodynamics is the study of effects of work, heat and energy on a system. It basically tells how…

Q: What is the strategy of entropy?

A: The concept of entropy was coined by Rudolf Clausius. It is a measure of thermal heat energy per…

Q: State qualitatively the relationship between entropy and free-dom of particle motion. Use this idea…

A: The entrорy оf аn оbjeсt is а meаsure оf the аmоunt оf energy whiсh is unаvаilаble tо dо wоrk.…

Q: The Third Law of Thermodynamics states that the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero (0 K)…

A: As per the third law of thermodynamics, the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero (0K) is 0.…

Q: 1.1 State the first law of thermodynamics 1.2. What is the difference between isobaric process and…

A: 1.1 The statement for first law of thermodynamics: The total energy of an isolated system is does…

Q: What is the signifi-cance of entropy being a state function?

A: Entropy is a thermodynamic state function that determines randomness in a system.  When we raise…

Q: ENTROPY (ΔS) can be thought of as molecular disorder, randomness, or freedom. Which of the two…

A: Entropy measures the disorder or randomness in the system. Ice has more ordered structure than…

Q: Use a Table of Thermodynamic Data to calculate the standard molar entropy change for a) the…

A:

Q: A system of 8,872 particles initially has 3.21*1042 possible configurations. If we remove some of…

A: GivenNo of possible configuration = C = 3.21 * 1042Initial no of particles in system = 8872 = XFinal…

Q: Calculate the entropy associated with a transition between orthorhombic sulfur and monoclinic…

A: In this question, we have to Calculate the entropy associated with a transition between orthorhombic…

Q: A system contains 758 particles and has 7.96* 1032 possible configurations. What is the entropy of…

A: GivenNo of particles = N = 758 No of possible configuration = C = 7.96 * 1032 Entropy of the system…

Q: Delta G= Delta H - T delta S   G and H are state functions. I get that.  Delta S universe =…

A: In this question, we have to find out the correct answer of given problem by the help of the…

Q: Entropy is the randomness of a system. At the molecular level, entropy can be described in terms of…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you as per our…

Q: b. How are the internal energies of chemical substances changed in a chemical reaction? State and…

A:

Q: Under what circumstance can the entropy of a system decrease for a spontaneous process?

A: Entropy measures the degree of randomness in the system. When a substance changes its phase solid to…

Q: Derive an expression showing how entropy can be related to thermodynamic probability.

A: The relation between entropy and thermodynamic probability are given as follows:

Q: With an appropriate example explain the concept of residual entropy.

A: Residual entropy- It is entropy at absolute zero. It has formula, S=KlnW Where, S=entropy,…

Q: (1) What are the thermodynamlc quantitles of a system that affect the amount and algn of the…

A: a. i. The thermodynamic quantities that affect the amount and the sign of the internal energy change…

Q: Under what circumstance can the enthalpy of a system decrease for a spontaneous process?

A: Entropy measures the degree of randomness in the system. When a substance changes its phase solid to…

Q: polymerization reactions tend to have △Sorxn values that are greater than zero or less than zero?…

A: Entropy is degree of randomness or disorderness in system.  In polymerization □Srxn is less than…

Q: Suppose that you find out that a system has an absolute entropy zero. What else can you conclude…

A: The absolute entropy of a system is the entropy at absolute temperature, 0 K.

Q: Explain “residual entropy”. Estimate the residual molar entropies for mono‐ and di‐deuterated ethane…

A:

Q: In biology the equilibrium equations that keep living organisms alive are called homeostasis. How…

A: Homeostasis is the condition in living organisms where the equilibrium equations that keep loving…

Q: Calculate a change in entropy for an irreversible process of a system and contrast with the change…

A: An irreversible process is a process that cannot return both the system and the surroundings to…

Q: The second law of thermodynamics states that A. in a spontaneous process, the entropy of the…

A: First law of thermodynamics is concerned with the conservation of energy while the second law of…