Describe how the concentrations of the four deoxyribonucleotides are balanced by ribonucleotide reductase.

Q: List the two components of the active Telomerase holoenzyme.

A: The ribonucleoprotein that is responsible for the synthesis of telomeric repeat sequence is called…

Q: Describe source of the ribonuclease enzyme and its production.

A: Ans: Ribonuclease enzyme: These are the enzymes that are responsible degradation of RNA.

Q: .Propose a mechanism for the conversion of 5- formamidoimidazole-4- carboxamide ribonucleotide into…

A: Purine is nucleic acids that are formed by the fusion of the pyrimidine ring with the imidazole ring…

Q: Define multiubiquitinylation.

A: In the cell,  proteins are degraded or modified with the help of the ubiquitin pathway. In the cell,…

Q: Explain the experiment performed by C. Anfinsen with ribonuclease A and formulate the Anfinsen dogma…

A: Anfinsen sought to show that the protein's amino acid sequence contained all of the data necessary…

Q: Please match the following definitions to the correct terms B-galactosidase [ Choose ] lactose…

A:

Q: which of the following process do not contribute to purine nucleotide biosynthesis? a) synthesis…

A: Biosynthesis of nucleotides occur in two ways - de novo pathway and salvage pathway. In the de novo…

Q: Define the term adenosine triphosphate?

A: Introduction   All cells require energy to survive and energy comes from respiration or metabolism.

Q: From the result shown, what might be the histidine biosynthetic pathway (the order of enzymes)?

A: Histidine biosynthesis is an ancient metabolic partway present in bacteria, archaea, lower…

Q: Describe the chemical differences between a ribonucleoside triphosphate and a deoxyribonucleoside…

A: Ribonucleotide triphosphate (RNTPs) and Deoxyribonucleotide monophosphate they are used in…

Q: Describe the reactions catalyzed by nucleoside phosphorylase, adenosinedeaminase, and xanthine…

A: The biosynthesis, interconversion, and degradation of purine/pyrimidine compounds are involved in…

Q: Describe the process by which pyrimidine nucleotides are produced.

A: A Pyrimidines and purines are two types of nitrogenous bases present in nucleotides. Pyrimidines,…

Q: Does glucagon speed up the reaction of F2-6-BP to F-6-P

A: The hormone is produced by the alpha cells of pancreatic islets of Langerhans. It is responsible for…

Q: In Metabolic Pathways, what are the nucleotide-containing compounds?

A: A nucleotide mainly consists of a sugar molecule that is either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA…

Q: How NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) works ?

A: The ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the energy currency of the cell. It provides the energy required…

Q: Describe the two sequential reactions that occur in the activesite of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.

A: This two-step reaction of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases occurs during the process of protein synthesis.

Q: Define the Synthesis of Purine nucleotides from IMP ?

A: Nucleotides can be defined as the molecules which help in the formation of nucleic acids such as DNA…

Q: Write out a mechanism for the serine triad hydrolysis ofglycylglycine.

A: The dipeptide unit of glycine is glycylglycine. Serine proteases are a group of enzymes that contain…

Q: Explain the amino–imino forms of cytosine and adenine ?

A: Watson and Crick showed a mechanism for the spontaneous occurrence of transitions. Some of the…

Q: Describe the structure and functions of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and…

A: DNA is genetic material present in each and every cell. It stores all the structural, functional and…

Q: Describe how pyrimidine nucleotides are synthesized

A: The nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides are classified as pyrimidines or purines. Pyrimidines are…

Q: Outline the steps in the biosynthesis of the following: a) Pyrimidine nucleotide b) Heme 6.

A: Biosynthesis is a multi-step process, an enzyme-catalyzed process in which substrates are…

Q: Explain why cleavage of the bond between arginine 15 and isoleucine 16 of chymotrypsinogen activates…

A: Enzymes are known as biological catalysts in which help to catalyze the different biochemical…

Q: Explain why RNase A cannot catalyze the hydrolysis of DNA.

A: RNase A is a pancreatic ribonuclease enzyme that cleaves single-stranded RNA. It belongs to a large…

Q: Consider protein degradation in the absence of ubiquitinylation. Is the process likely to be more or…

A: Ubiquitinylaton is the process of the addition of a protein called ubiquitin to the substrate…

Q: Explain how deoxyribonucleotides are formed

A: DNA is the deoxyribonucleic acid that is a polymer of nucleotides that are formed of deoxyribose…

Q: Describe the pathway for purine nucleotide synthesis

A: Introduction: Purine is a two-ring heterocyclic aromatic compound with two rings. It's a…

Q: Using the word anomeric carbon, “acceptor” nucleophilic substrate, and activated “donor”, describe…

A: In polysaccharides the monosaccharide units are linked by glycosidic linkages.

Q: In the serine protease triad, the proximity of an aspartate carboxylate group of histidine raises…

A: Serine protease is a class of proteolytic enzymes in which serine residue is present at the active…

Q: Discuss the reaction catalyzed by helicases and key aspects of their mechanisms.

A: During the DNA replication, the two strands are separated with the help of motor protein and result…

Q: comparing the synthesis of pyrimidines vs. purines

A: The purines and pyrimidines are the two families of nitrogenous bases , which are make up nucleic…

Q: Tissues that are unable to produce nucleotides de novo depend on ____________________ to maintain an…

A: Biomolecules are organic molecules present in living organisms. Nucleic acids are one such…

Q: Explain about the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates ?

A: Introduction  DNA is the basic genetic material found in most species. DNA stands for Deoxyribose…

Q: Describe the chemical differences between a ribonucleotide triphosphate and a deoxyribonucleotide…

A: Nucleotide are group which form DNA or RNA .It generally consists of :-  A ) Nitrogenous base  B )…

Q: Give the name of two Molecules of Farnesyl Pyrophosphate:

A: Farnesyl pyrophosphate is an intermediate in both the mevalonate and non-mevalonate pathways which…

Q: Explain the nucleoside diphosphates (NDPs) ? How it is formed ?

A: Nucleotides are the genetic material in living organisms. They are packed in the nucleus in…

Q: Give the simplified representation of the pentose phosphate pathway.

A: Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is also known as phosphogluconate pathway and also called as hexose…

Q: Explain the role of  β-galactosidase ?

A: Introduction: Genetic expression in bacteria is coordinated by an operon. When Jacob and Monod…

Q: What is oligonucleotide adapter?

A: The oligonucleotide adapters are 20 to 25 nucleotides long DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules.…

Q: What is the properties of ribonuclease enzyme and describe what reaction it catalyzes?

A: Ribozymes, or  otherwise known as catalytic RNAs, were discovered around 15 years ago. They are…

Q: which of the following process do not contribute to purine nucleotide biosynthesis? a) synthesis…

A: The three processes that contribute to purine  nucleosides biosynthesis in the order of decreasing…

Q: List all the enzymes of nucleotide biosynthesis that use glutamine as an amino group donor.

A: Introduction- Nucleotide plays an important role in many biological systems as biosynthesis of…

Q: Describe the mode of action of ribonuclease enzyme.

A: Ribonucleases or RNases is a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bond in…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.