Describe the process of 'crossing over' detailing at what stage of the cell cycle it occurs. What effect does crossing-over process have on linked genes with respect to the relative distance on the chromosome? How can we calculate the distance of two linked genes?

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Oogenesis

The formation of the ovum (mature female gamete) from undifferentiated germ cells is called oogenesis. This process takes place in the ovaries (female gonads). Oogenesis consists of three stages known as the multiplication phase, growth phase, and maturation phase. 

Cell Division

Cell division involves the formation of new daughter cells from the parent cells. It is a part of the cell cycle that takes place in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Cell division is required for three main reasons: