Discuss the importance of linkage disequilibrium (LD) toassociation mapping of QTLs in humans.

Q: Explain one experimental strategy for determining the functional role of the mouse HoxD-3 gene.

A: HoxD-3 gene basically functions in the process of morphogenesis and belongs to the category of…

Q: If you are going to construct a CDNA library of a plant, will the CDNA library be the same as those…

A: DNA is the genetic material present in most of the living organisms. The DNA is made up of 4…

Q: What should be the ideal characteristics of a base for suppositories dosage form?  Please briefly…

A: Suppository It is administered to produce either systemic or local effect, in solid dosage form.…

Q: Explain about the BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) ?

A: The nucleotide is the organic molecule that is the building block of DNA and RNA. They also play…

Q: What is the minimum and maximum cDNA input from FFPE samples in library preparation phase to perform…

A: Next genome sequencing is quickly turning into the technique for decision for transcriptional…

Q: List the critical steps in the ribosome profiling protocol and explain what this method is useful…

A: Ribosome profiling- it is carried out on a split sample, with parallel libraries constructed for…

Q: Explain Two strategies for assembling whole genome sequences.

A: All the genetic information of an organism is known as its genome. Genome assembly is defined as the…

Q: Define Multipoint linkage analysis

A: Genetic linkage denotes the tendency of the DNA sequences that are close together on a chromosome to…

Q: How to isolate cpDNA for whole chloroplast DNA sequencing (MiSeq system)? Any universal primer or…

A: DNA sequencing is used to determine the exact arrangement of the nucleotide bases adenine (A),…

Q: Briefly explain the frameshift mutation ?

A: Mutation can be defined as the change that occurs in the DNA sequence which is caused by mistake or…

Q: Genotyping of few SNPs in many patients?

A: SNP's stands for Single Nucleotide Polymorphism which usually occurs due to some point mutation. Any…

Q: Why the sequence alignment is extremely important in designing a construct for developing a…

A: Sequence alignment It is defined as the way of arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA or protein to…

Q: Discuss the bioinformatics approaches that can be used to identifya protein-encoding gene.

A: The process of recognizing the protein-encoding gene is crucial and has numerous applications. Such…

Q: What is the difference between using genome build hg18 and hg19 in Genome-wide SNP arrays?

A: SNP (Single nucleotide protein) array is a type of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) microarray which is…

Q: How BLAST Searches Automate the Findingof Homologous Sequences?

A: Basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) is an algorithm and program for comparing primary…

Q: Define about expression QTLs (eQTLs) ?

A: The genes can be associated with simple or complex traits. The genes decide the nature of traits and…

Q: In this qPCR plot, which sample had the least abundant starting amount of DNA?

A: qPCR(Quantitative-Polymerase Chain Reaction): It is a technique applied to measure the amount of PCR…

Q: Identify QTLs by rough mapping?

A: Introduction: QTL is referred to as a quantitative trait locus is a section or fragment of DNA that…

Q: Explain about Denisovan genome sequence ?

A: The Denisovans or Denisova hominins are an extinct species of archaic human found in Asia during the…

Q: Explain the sequencing-by synthesis (SBS) approach ?

A: One of the well-known states that are known as fundamental topics in Arithmetic is sequence and…

Q: Explain how Northern and Western blotting are used to detect specific RNAs and proteins,…

A: Nucleic acid is serving as primary information carrying molecule in cells. There are two types of…

Q: Discuss how qPCR, DNA microarrays (DNA chips), and RNA- seq analysis are used to compare levels of…

A: The functions of a gene can be studied by looking at how it expresses in a specific cell and how it…

Q: What are the general lessons can you learn from QTL analyses?

A: Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis is a statistical tool for attempting to understand the…

Q: Why can imputation lead to bias in GWAS studies?

A: GWAS is the abbreviation for genome wide association study. It is an observational research approach…

Q: What is a T1-weighted sequence?

A: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique based on the principle of NMR to…

Q: Give a step by step method and diagram of how reversible terminator sequencing works.

A: The reversible terminator sequencing or Illumina dye sequencing is a technique used to determine the…

Q: What do microarrays tell you that studying gene expression byassaying individual enzymes cannot?

A: Introduction  Gene are the key component of genetic material which control almost all the cellular…

Q: Explain how researchers identify QTLs by establishingbackcross lines and then fine-mapping the QTLs…

A: Gene expression microarrays allow the quantification of transcript accumulation for plenty of genes…

Q: Define, compare, and contrast the utility of microarray and RNAseq while analyzing gene expression…

A: Microarray: a lab-on-chip technique to determine the expression of mRNA by many genes/genes…

Q: Explain how substitution matrices can be used to improve the possibility of identifying related…

A: Protein is a macronutrient that is vital for building muscle mass. It is normally found in creature…

Q: What is the best analysis for estimation of family sequence conservation of domains? Enlist any two…

A: A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of the heredity. Genes are composed of the DNA.…

Q: (a) Explain sensitivity and selectivity in terms of true and false positives. (b) What is the…

A: Needleman–Wunsch algorithm is an algorithm used in bioinformatics to align the nucleotide and…

Q: Can Bioinformatics be used for sequence annotation to identifyprotein-coding and noncoding sequences…

A: The genome sequence of any organism is that organism's blueprint: the set of instructions dictating…

Q: When performing QPCR to study differential gene expression, what is the role of SYBR green? What is…

A: Introduction :- SYBR Green is a cyanine dye used in molecular biology studies as a nucleic acid…

Q: Let’s suppose you are in charge of organizing and publicizing a databasefor the mouse genome. Make a…

A: Genetics is the branch of biology that deals with the study of genome of an organism and its gene…

Q: What was studied or investigated in the paper? Who would be affected by this?…

A: This paper is the study about how hormones play a major role during child birth in women.…

Q: "Whole-Genome Sequencing Is Widely Used for Sequencing and Assembling Entire Genomes". Explain this…

A: Whole genome sequencing It reveals an organism's complete DNA make-up ( allowing us to better…

Q: What is the primary advantage to using a chimeric mouse in animal trials of a new drug and what are…

A: Often different types of model organisms are used in biological research for scientific studies.

Q: Nearly  _______of the Human GenomeConsists of Transposable Elements?

A: The transposable elements are the DNA sequence that may change its position or location within the…

Q: List down and briefly describe three other sequence alignment tools other than BLAST used in…

A: BLAST can rapidly align and compare a query DNA sequence with a database of sequences, which makes…

Q: A region of the genome is transcribed into a long non-coding RNA. When used as a query, would…

A: BLASTIN matches with the nucleotide query sequence with nucleotide subject sequence. BLASTX matches…

Q: Describe two different types of protein microarrays, and discuss their uses.

A: Genomics and proteomics are relatively new branches of genetics. Genomics is the study of all the…

Q: If you have access to the necessary computer software, make asequence file and analyze it in the…

A: The sequencing of genetic information is important for proper study and analysis, and with the…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.