Discuss the relationship between lactic acid and lactate.

Q: Define triacylglycerol or triglyceride.

A: Triacylglycerol or triglyceride is a type of biomolecule but it is not a polymer like…

Q: Explain the hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids.

A: Fatty acids are the building blocks of fat, which is one of the three essential macronutrients for…

Q: Differentiate between a glycoprotein and a lectin .

A: Biomolecules are the substances that are produced by cells and living organisms. They have wide…

Q: What metabolic processes produce lactate (lactic acid)?

A: Glycolysis. Glycolysis in cytoplasm produces intermediate metabolic pyruvate.

Q: Explain why the CIS form is the predominant confiiguration of unsaturated fatty acids?

A: Fatty acids contain a carboxylic group attached to a long hydrocarbon chain. The hydrocarbon chain…

Q: Describe the acid–base properties of amino acids

A: Acids provide off H+ (Hydrogen) ions in water; bases provide off OH- (Hydroxide) ions in water.…

Q: Define the term glycosphingolipid.

A: Glycolipids contain carbohydrate (either monosaccharide or oligosaccharide) covalently attached to…

Q: Describe one function of prostaglandins.

A: The prostaglandins are a group of lipid molecules that are produced near the damaged tissues or at…

Q: Define ubiquitin.

A: Proteins are complex biomolecules found in all living organisms and is essential for the normal…

Q: Identify what is the name of this fatty acid.

A: A fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chain. The unbranched…

Q: Briefly describe the action of glucagons on free fatty acids

A: Hormones are the messengers that transmit signals from one to another. They bind to another cell…

Q: Define lactose

A: Disaccharides are carbohydrates which contain two molecules or two units of monosaccharide. Two…

Q: Differentiate between monounsaturated and unsaturated fatty acid?

A: Ans: Fatty acid: The fatty acids are a type of carboxylic acid and have long aliphatic side chains.…

Q: Explain about  the Iodine (Protein Bound Iodine) ?

A: Iodine is a mineral that is naturally found in the earth. It is purple-black in color. It is an…

Q: Define about the unsaturated fatty acid ?

A: Fatty acids are the building block of fat. They are carboxylic acid with a long aliphatic chain, a…

Q: How is the ability to store glucose as glycogen related to the general principle of physiology that…

A: Physiological processes are the approaches by which biomolecules, cells, tissues, organs and organ…

Q: In what disease is a decrease in sphingomyelin observed?

A: Sphingomyelin, type of sphingolipid found in the cell membrane of animal cells, especially in the…

Q: Discuss the functions of triacylglycerols.

A: Introduction: Triacylglycerols are the simplest form of lipids formed by fatty acids. It consists of…

Q: Define about aminoacyladenylic acid ?

A: Amino acid + tRNA + ATP ↔Aminoacyl-tRNA + AMP + PPi.

Q: Identify Vitamin A functional groups that contribute to the solubility

A: Vitamin A also termed retinal is considered one among the vitamins soluble in fats. It aids in the…

Q: Explain the pathways for synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate molecules.

A: Gluconeogenesis is considered as the process, in which glucose molecules is synthesized from the…

Q: Explain the difference between aldoses and ketoses including its configuration of D and L

A: Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are macronutrients that supply the body with energy and basic…

Q: Identify the regulatory processes in cholesterol synthesis.

A: Cholesterol is considered the major sterol present in animal tissue. It is present in the animal…

Q: Describe the functions of the triacylglycerols.

A: Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are made up of glycerol and three fatty acids (same or different). It is an…

Q: Describe the structure of glycogen and explain how the structure facilitates glycogen metabolism.

A: Glycogen is a multi-branched glucose polysaccharide used to store energy in plants, fungi, and…

Q: How many ATP are produced from a triglyceride containing three 14 carbon fatty acids?

A: Beta oxidation Beta oxidation is the process of the breakdown of fatty acid molecules which as a…

Q: Explain the comparison of a triacylglycerol, a phosphoacylglycerol, and a sphingomyelin ?

A: Lipids  include fats, oil, waxy like substances. They are non-polar and hydrophobic in nature…

Q: Define glycoprotein

A: Proteins, carbohydrates , lipids and nucleotides are the building blocks of any organism . There are…

Q: Define glycoprotein and glycolipid.

A: Glycoprotein : Glycoprotein protein or protein will telling like as attached to amino acid side…

Q: List some of the functions prostaglandins serve in the body.

A: Prostaglandins are lipids made from eicosanoids. They have hormone-like effects in humans and are…

Q: Define glucose

A: Several biomolecules are present in nature that are necessary for our body. Biomolecules are simple…

Q: The most abundant intracellular thiol is _____________ .

A: Thiols are the sulfur analogue of alcohols in which sulfur takes place of oxygen in the hydroxyl…

Q: Explain the activation of long chain fatty acids.

A: ACTIVATION OF AMINO ACID: Fatty acids are activated by reaction with CoA to form fatty acyl CoA. The…

Q: Explain the Hydrolysis of triacylglycerols ?

A: Triacylglycerol is stored fat in the adipose tissue. Triacylglycerol are formed from esterification…

Q: Explain about Sphingomyelins ?

A: Sphingomyelins are a category of sphingolipids which contain phosphorus and are found predominantly…

Q: why high levels of glucose will produce more citric acid? explain in details please

A: Glucose is the primary energy source for humans and many other organisms. Starch is digested in the…

Q: Describe the characteristics of fatty acids and fatty acid esters.

A: Fatty acids are made up of lipid chains. In membrane of the cell, they can be found as glycolipids…

Q: Define triacylglycerol

A: In living organisms, fats and oils are most commonly utilized as energy storage. They are fatty acid…

Q: Why lactic acid is produced during a prolonged strenuous activity?

A: Aerobic cellular respiration is responsible for producing energy in most of the normal activities…

Q: Describe the three stages of cholesterol synthesis.

A: Cholesterol is a natural substance. It's a lipid called a sterol (or modified steroid). All animal…

Q: Titration of Amino Acids: Explain the changes in the charges of glycine as the pH changes.

A: Glycine has two ionizable group: amino and carboxyl group that undergo for titration. pH of the…

Q: Determine the difference between ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids.

A: Amino acids are organic acids with a single alpha carbon to which various substituents such as an…

Q: Describe the steps of glycogen synthesis and identify the enzymes required

A: Glycogen synthesis is the process of adding a new glucose molecule to the preexisting glycogen. and…

Q: Define the following terms:a. fatty acidb. monunsaturated fatty acidc. polyunsaturated fatty acidd.…

A: Biological lipids are a chemically diverse group of organic compounds which are insoluble or only…

Q: Which of the following is NOT required for fatty acid synthesis?

A: The dietary carbs and amino acid if taken in excess can be converted to fatty acid ans stored as…

Nucleotides

It is an organic molecule made up of three basic components- a nitrogenous base, phosphate,and pentose sugar. The nucleotides are important for metabolic reactions andthe formation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). 

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and viruses. They carry the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins and cellular replication. The nucleic acids are of two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The structure of all proteins and ultimately every biomolecule and cellular component is a product of information encoded in the sequence of nucleic acids. Parts of a DNA molecule containing the information needed to synthesize a protein or an RNA are genes. Nucleic acids can store and transmit genetic information from one generation to the next, fundamental to any life form.