DNA polymerase II binds to double stranded molecules and creates Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand during replication in prokaryotes. Select one: True False
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A: Replication is the synthesis of new DNA molecules from the parental DNA.
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A:
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A: It is the process by which a double stranded DNA is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.
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A: DNA polymerase Ill
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Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
DNA polymerase II binds to double stranded molecules and creates Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand during replication in prokaryotes.
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- Considering prokaryotes, what term adds nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction during DNA replication?Escherichia coli (E. coli) has one replication origin that contains specific genomic sequences scattering over a 245 base pair region. List the mechanistic steps that can unwind a segment of DNA at the origin of replication site to initiate the DNA replication.The figure below depicts various elements of the eukaryotic replication machinery in action. Enter the name for the protein depicted by each box. Box A Box B Box C Box D Box E Box F DNA polymerase on lagging strand (just finishing an Okazaki fragment) F Maintains polymerase association with DNA Enzyme extends separation of DNA strands Synthesizes RNA fragments that hybridize to DNA Relaxes supercoiled DNA ahead of replication fork Maintains DNA is single stranded state Promotes binding of processivity factors to DNA Newly synthesized strand pocoar Leading-strand template A New Okazaki fragment RNA primer E Lagging-strand template DNA polymerase on leading strand B C D Saaragon - Next Okazaki fragment will start here Parental DNA helix
- For each round of DNA replication, pokaryotic DNA starts replicating at:Name an important difference in the replication of circular DNA versus linear double-stranded DNA.Place the following steps of DNA replication in order (from left to right) from the beginning to the end of the process. Reset Help priming of DNA synthesis with RNA primer removal of primers by DNA polymerase I exonuclease elongation of RNA primers by DNA polymerase III opening and stabilizing the DNA strands joining of Okazaki fragments by DNA ligase Beginning of replication End of replication
- DNA polymerases are processive, which means that they remain tightly associated with the template strand while moving rapidly and adding nucleotides to the growing daughter stand. Which piece of the replication machinery accounts for this characteristic? Helicase Sliding Clamp Single Stranded Binding Protein PrimaseBriefly discuss the pros and cons of having a nucleoid (as bacteria do) versus a double nuclear membrane surrounding the DNA (as in eukaryotes). List and explain three reasons why DNA replication is very accurate.The purpose of DNA gyrase in replication is: to relieve positive supercoiling induced by unwinding the DNA during replication. to induce tighter coiling in supercoils. to remove the RNA primers from the lagging strand at each Okazaki fragment to start unwinding and separate the DNA to initiate replication to provide energy to remove a diphosphate fragment from each nucleoside triphosphate.
- DNA polymerase occasionally incorporates the wrong nucleotide during DNA replication. If left unrepaired, the base-pair mismatch that results will lead to mutation in the next replication. As part of a template strand, the incorporated wrong base will direct the incorporation of a base complementary to itself, so the bases on both strands of the DNA at that position will now be different from what they were before the mismatch event. The MER-minus strain of yeast does not have a functional mismatch excision repair system, but it has normal base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair systems. Which of the following statements is correct about differences in the mutation spectrum between MER-minus and wildtype yeast? More than one answer is correct. Options: More point mutations will arise in MER-minus yeast. Fewer point mutations will arise in MER-minus yeast as compared with wildtype. Of the total point mutations that…For the following steps in DNA replication, name the prokaryotic and eukaryotic enzymes (in that order!) that perform the task listed: Question 33 options: Tethering a polymerase to DNA (prokaryotes) Removing supercoils (eukaryotes) Removing supercoils (prokaryotes) Lagging strand replication (eukaryotes) Lagging strand replication (prokaryotes) Tethering a polymerase to DNA (eukaryotes) Stabilizing single-stranded DNA (prokaryotes) Stabilizing single-stranded DNA (eukaryotes) 1. DNA Pol III 2. DNA Pol Delta () 3. DNA Pol Epsilon () 4. Helicase 5. Topoisomerase (type I or II) 6. Beta clamp 7. PCNA 8. SSB 9. RPA 10. DNA Pol I 11. LigaseMatch the following descriptions with the enzymes involved in DNA replication. 1. Adds an RNA primer to begin elongation 2. Removes the RNA primer from the beginning of the newly constructed strands 3. Splices lagging strand segments 4. Cleaves the rung of the DNA double helix ladder Description: DNA DNA Helicase Primase Enzyme: Polymerase Ligase