Dr. S. Oberman has the research hypothesis that drivers who have consumed one drink are actually slightly better (score higher on a driving test) than drivers who have had no alcohol. (One drink, she believes, makes them relaxed and not as nervous.) She tests this by having subjects take a standard driving test. We know that completely sober, college-student drivers score an average of 75 on this test, where high scores mean better driving. Lon Sum, Dr. S. Oberman's research assistant, draws a random sample of 64 from a population of college students, and gives them one drink. In this sample, the mean score on the test is 78, and the standard deviation is 24. After discussing it with her colleague, Professor Vi Russ, Dr. Oberman sets her alpha level at .05. Given the results of her study, what decision should she make? Reject the null hypothesis, since the mean is above 75 O Reject the null hypothesis, since the Z-score is greater than 0 O Reject the null hypothesis, since the Z-score is greater than the critical value when alpha is at .05 Do not reject the null hypothesis; the results are likely due to chance factors.
Compound Probability
Compound probability can be defined as the probability of the two events which are independent. It can be defined as the multiplication of the probability of two events that are not dependent.
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Probability theory is a branch of mathematics that deals with the subject of probability. Although there are many different concepts of probability, probability theory expresses the definition mathematically through a series of axioms. Usually, these axioms express probability in terms of a probability space, which assigns a measure with values ranging from 0 to 1 to a set of outcomes known as the sample space. An event is a subset of these outcomes that is described.
Conditional Probability
By definition, the term probability is expressed as a part of mathematics where the chance of an event that may either occur or not is evaluated and expressed in numerical terms. The range of the value within which probability can be expressed is between 0 and 1. The higher the chance of an event occurring, the closer is its value to be 1. If the probability of an event is 1, it means that the event will happen under all considered circumstances. Similarly, if the probability is exactly 0, then no matter the situation, the event will never occur.
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