Draw and completely label a hypothetical phase diagram of a mixture containing menthol and camphor, which theoretically is able to form liquid eutectic at room temperature in the ratio of 8:2, 7:3, 6:4 and 5:5. .
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- Ethyl alcohol and water in liquid form are also an azeotropic mixture. Why is that?Compare the simple distillation of pure hexane and binary mixture of hexane and toluene to that of a fractional distillation?Assuming that either solvent is otherwise acceptable in a given instance, what advantages does ethanol have over 1-octanol as a crystallization solvent? Hexane over pentane? Water over methanol?
- A student in New York City carried ou1t a boiling point determination for cyclohexane {b.p. 81• C) according to the procedure in this laboratory manual. Will this student's observed boiling point be the same as the value obtained by another student in Denver, Co'lorado.{Nicknamed the "Mile-High City" due to its high elevation)? Will it be lower or higher? Ex plain your conclusion.Under which circumstances is it wise to use a mixture of solvents to carry out a crystallization?What is the effect of an insoluble impurity, such as charcoal, on the observed melting point of a compound?
- Naphthalene, C10H8 is insoluble in water but sublimes easily when heated. How could you separate a mixture of naphthalene and NaCl? Suggest two different methods. asapwhy a beaker of warm water was used as the heat source to remove methylene chloride by simple distillation in order to recover the crude caffeine. Why not use a more conventional heat source such as a hot plate or heating mantle that could supply more heat than warm water?What is the approximate amount (mL) of 95% ethyl alcohol that will be required to dissolve the sulfanilamide in boiling ethanol? Note that Solubility of sulfanilamide in ethanol (mg/mL) is as follows: 14 mg at 0 °C; 24 mg at 20 °C; 46 mg at 40 °C; 88 mg at 60 °C; 210 mg at 80 °C. Remember that the sulfanilamide used in the experiment contains 5% wt of impurity (fluorenone); therefore, (357mg) X (0.05) = 17.85 mg impurities; hence = 357 mg -17.85 mg = X mg pure Sulfanilamide. So, (X mg) (1mL/210 mg) = Y mL (80 oC) minimum warm ethanol needed.
- 1. Why does the solid need to be finely ground and then tightly packed in a melting point capillary tube?Consider the crystallization of sulfanilamide from 95% ethyl alcohol. If impure sulfanilamide is dissolved in the minimum amount of 95% ethyl alcohol at 40°C rather than 78°C (the boiling point of ethyl alcohol), how would this affect the percentage of recovery of pure sulfanilamide? Explain your answer.An ethanol/water mixture forms an azeotropic mixture. Why is it not possible to obtain a pure sample of ethanol from the mixture by fractional distillation? How would you obtain pure ethanol from the azeotropic mixture?