During chemiosmosis... a concentration gradient is generated when large numbers of H+ ions are passively transported from the mitochondrion's intermembrane space to the matrix. ATP is synthesized when H+ ions move through a channel in ATP synthase. energy is released as H+ ions move freely across mitochondrial membranes. H+ ions serve as the final electron acceptor.

During chemiosmosis... a concentration gradient is generated when large numbers of H+ ions are passively transported from the mitochondrion's intermembrane space to the matrix. ATP is synthesized when H+ ions move through a channel in ATP synthase. energy is released as H+ ions move freely across mitochondrial membranes. H+ ions serve as the final electron acceptor.

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Description: During chemiosmosis...a concentration gradient is generated when large numbers of H+ ionsare passively transported from the mitochondrion's intermembranespace to the matrix.ATP is synthesized when H* ions move through a channel in ATPsynthase.energy

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter2: Cell Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10RE: Using the answer code on the right, indicate which form of energy production is being described: 1....

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During chemiosmosis, ATP synthase ____________________. Select all that apply produces ATP in the mitochondrial matrix allows H+ to cross the inner membrane via facilitated diffusion generates water from oxygen and electrons in the mitochondrial matrix pumps H+ against its concentration gradient into the intermembrane space
Draw a simple sketch illustrating an inner mitochondrial membrane that is actively involved in chemiosmosis and label the two compartments it separates. Add the ATP synthase complex, indicate the proton gradient, and specify in which compartment ATP is synthesized.
For Electron Transport Chain (ETC), what are steps of cellular respiration for both aerobic (oxygen present) and anaerobic (without oxygen) respiration. what are the Inputs and Outputs: Clearly indicate the key substrates, intermediates, and products at each stage. Location: Show where this stage of cellular respiration occurs within the cell (e.g., cytoplasm, mitochondria). Energy Production: Highlight the ATP and NADH production at this stage. Oxygen: Show where oxygen is used in the process (e.g., ETC) and where carbon dioxide is produced. Electron Carriers: Indicate the role of electron carriers such as NAD+ and FAD in transferring eleDiagrams: Use diagrams or icons to represent the structures and molecules involved, such as the mitochondria, glucose, ATP, and oxygen. Key Information like important facts or formulas relevant to cellular respiration, like the chemical equations for each stage.
Match the stage of cellular respiration to the correct location. options: Mitochondrial matrix Inner mitochondrial membrane Cytosol On the way into the mitochondrion 1. Glycolysis 2. Pyruvate oxidation 3. Kreb's Cycle 4. Electron Transport System
Indicate whether each of the following statements applies to mitochondria, chloroplasts, both or neither. Uses an ATP synthase enzyme. A reduced coenzyme is produced using a cyclic process. Protons are moved by active transport. The initial electron donor is a water molecule. Electrons flow from a high energy state to a low energy state. Electron transport relies on a functional antenna complex. Lactic acid is produced. Glucose is phosphorylated to glucose-6 phosphate.
In chemiosmotic phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP? A. No external source of energy is required because the reaction is exergonic. B. energy released from high energy electrons given by NADH and FADH2 C. energy released from ATP synthase pumping hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix D. energy released as electrons flow through the electron transport system E. energy released from movement of protons through ATP synthase F. energy released from substrate-level phosphorylation
How is the energy used to make ATP via the electron transport chain generated? a. The energy from electrons bound to reduced coenzymes is used to create a steep electrochemical gradient. b. Electrons bound to NADH are used to generate a H+ ion gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. c. Electrons bound to FADH2 are used to generate a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. d. Electrons bound to NADH are used to generate a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. e. All of these are correct.
Which of the following statements describes the end step for the electron transport chain? A. H+ ions flow down the gradient to generate ATP B. electrons are transferred to NADH and FADH2 for chemiosmosis C. electrons are transferred to oxygen, causing it to split and take up H+ ions, which form water D. H+ are pumped across the inner membrane of mitochondria to establish an electrochemical gradient
An uncoupler ___________ Select one: a. decreases ATP levels by destroying the proton gradient in mitochondria b. increases ATP levels by creating a protein gradient in mitochondria c. decreases the amount of heat generated during respiration d. inhibits the Na/K pump by de-coupling phosphorylation and transport e. inhibits the Na/K pump by destroying concentration gradients of sodium and potassium
Energy-consuming active transport is used to move protons in all of the following directions except: A. from the mitochondrial matrix, across the mitochondrial cristae, into the intermembrane space B. from the extracellular fluid, across the plasma membrane, into the Halobacterium halobium cytosol C. from the cytosol of plant cells, across the vacuolar membrane, into the central vacuole D. from the cytosol of skeletal muscle cells, across the plasma membrane, into the extracellular fluid E. from the chloroplast stroma, across the thylakoid membrane, into the thylakoid space
Which of the following statements is false concerning the ‘tight binding site’ of ATP Synthase within the natural environment of the mitochondria? Group of answer choices ATP is released from the tight binding site This is a binding site found within an αβ subunits of the F1 portion of ATP Synthase The tight binding forces the reaction of ADP + Pi → ATP The tight binding site has the lowest KM for ATP
Which of the following statements about FAD is FALSE? a. More ATP is produced from the high-energy electrons carried by FADH2 than from those of NADH b. Electrons stored in FADH2 are used in oxidative phosphorylation c. FADH2 has more chemical potential energy than FAD d. FADH2 enters the electron transport chain at Complex 2 e. FAD is reduced into FADH2 during the Citric Acid Cycle