During inflammaion, host tissue may be damaged owing to the release of toxic oxygen derivatives produced by activated phagocytes. List some of hese toxic species and explain what cellular/biochemical mechanisms limit these damaging off-target effects.

During inflammaion, host tissue may be damaged owing to the release of toxic oxygen derivatives produced by activated phagocytes. List some of hese toxic species and explain what cellular/biochemical mechanisms limit these damaging off-target effects.

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter12: Body Defenses

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6RE

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Concept explainers

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.

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