Both antibodies and particular complement proteins, such as c3b, are capable of aiding phagocytes in attaching to bacteria. What term best describes these?

Q: Why does the immensely powerful immune system of the body, an organ system that has evolved over…

A: Human immune virus (HIV) is a retrovirus which attacks the immune cells of the body. It affects the…

Q: Which of the following statements is most correct regarding SCIDs?a. They are the least severe form…

A: Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is a genetic immunodeficiency illness that renders the…

Q: How can an intracellular virus be targeted by a particular T cell response? Describe the mechanism…

A: Immunity is the ability of the body to fight against foreign antigen in order to prevent any…

Q: Which of the following is not true about the complementsystem?(a) It is a set of more than 20…

A: The complement system is otherwise known as complement cascade and is associated with the immune…

Q: Inflammation is the hallmark of an activated immune response. Explain how inflammation is triggered…

A: When the immune system of the body response to any trigger or irritant then it is called…

Q: Which of the following statements is NOT correct? Group of answer choices -Natural killer cells are…

A: In both human and mice NK cells are known for directly inducing the death of tumor cells. They act…

Q: All of the following are involved in the alternative pathway of complement activation except _____.…

A: The alternative pathway is one of three complement pathways that opsonize and kill pathogens. The…

Q: A 35- year old farmer stepped on a rusty nail and does not remember the last time he had a tetanus…

A: Tetanus, often referred to as lockjaw, is caused by a bacteria that's most ordinarily found in soil.…

Q: Contrast the pathways of complement activation.

A: The complement system consists of about thirty serum proteins and also some cell surface…

Q: Which of the following statements best characterizes interferons?

A: Answer ; Option (A) is right. - Interferons are a nonspecific defense used to respond to viruses. -…

Q: Explain why an inherited deficiency in complement components C3 or C4 can result in less efficient…

A: Complement component 3 deficiency is a rare genetic primary immunodeficiency characterised by…

Q: Which of the following activities leads to the redness of inflammation? Group of answer choices…

A: Inflammation is the response of the immune system of the body to potentially harmful factors like…

Q: All of the following are true of some or all complement proteins except _____. a. they are soluble…

A: The complement system is part of the immune system which involves specialized proteins that aid the…

Q: Which of these events is not a part of the second line of defense? You may have more than one…

A: Our body has mainly three line of defence. Defensing foreign substances is important to ensure good…

Q: rue/False: Several pathogens produce proteins, either membrane-bound or secreted, that inactivate…

A: The organisms that cause the disease to any human is known as the pathogen. The organism a…

Q: Which of the following proteins are part of the first line of defense against microbial invasion?…

A: The immune system in our body is responsible for providing protection against pathogenic…

Q: Your dog has been diagnosed with disseminated blastomycosis (a disease caused by a fungal pathogen…

A: Blastomyces is fungal infection in dogs.

Q: What are some examples of innate defense mechanisms that are chemical in nature? What is complement?

A: The immune system is complex and is made up of few organs and a broad network of cells and proteins…

Q: The classical complement pathway is initiated by C1q binding to the surface of a pathogen. In some…

A: The process of the complement system circulate in an inactive form, but in response to the…

Q: What immunoglobulin is expressed on the surface of B cells that identify them as immature? mature?…

A: IMMUNOGLOBULIN- Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are glycoprotein molecules generated by…

Q: Each is an effect of complement activation EXCEPT     interference with viral replication.…

A: The complement system is a course of serine proteases that is encoded by genes starting from similar…

Q: Two of the major actions of complement are a. increased inflammatory response and cytolysis. b.…

A: The complement system gets activated when it comes in contact with the antibody molecule that is…

Q: Which of the following best describes the type of immunity acquired in the following example?

A: Acquired immunity is present after birth. It is specific immunity. Specificity, diversity, memory…

Q: Describe several reasons why phagocytes are not alwayseffective at removing pathogens from the body

A: Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and…

Q: Which of the following proteins downregulates the classical complement cascade by breaking up the C3…

A: The classical complement (CMP) pathway is considered as the method, which helps in the activation of…

Q: Immature B cells can drive strong adaptive immune responses by maturing into _______. Group of…

A: There is some information about B cells ; B cells are at the centre of the adaptive humoral immune…

Q: In what process is tumor necrosis factor (TNF) not involved?a. chemotaxis of phagocytesb. fever c.…

A: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is produced by macrophages, lymphocytes, and other immune cells as an…

Q: Which of the following is part of the second line of defense? a. Interferons b. Phagocytes c.…

A: The immune system shows immune response in three stages the first line of defence includes the…

Q: The circulating cytokines that recruit large numbers of phagocytes to the area of inflammation,…

A: Phagocytes are cells that are capable of engulfing foreign antigens such as microbes, toxins, and…

Q: Column B Type of immunity A. Innate Column A Clinical situation Trauma patient receives…

A: Immunity  Immunity is defined as the ability to fight against an infection caused by a foreign…

Q: Describe Two Features of phagocytes that are essential in their response to microbial invasion.

A: Introduction Innate immunity is a natural genotype-based system of defense elements with which an…

Q: These antibodies are capable of stimulating complement, causing type II

A: An antibody (Ab), otherwise called an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a huge, Y-formed protein utilized by…

Q: A(n) _____ is an inactive form of an enzyme that frequently participates in a cascade of enzymatic…

A: An enzyme is a catalytic molecule that increases the rate of a reaction without getting used up in…

Q: Which of the following is not a function of eosinophils? Phagocytosis Antigen presentation…

A: Eosinophils which are also known as the acidophils , are the white blood cells and are one of the…

Q: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a disease characterized by lysis of red blood cells, which…

A: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. It is a rare disease that is caused by a mutation in bone…

Q: Describe these 2nd Line of Defenses Inflammation phagocytosis complement system fever Interferons

A: Immunity relates to the capability of the body to prevent infections from occurring. A pathogen is…

Q: Antibodies are able to dispose of antigens in which of the following ways? O Neutralization…

A: Antibodies or Immunoglobulins are substances produced by the immune system, in response to a foreign…

Q: An antibody binding to an antigen within the body can have which of the following outcomes that…

A: The term 'Antibody' defines certain proteins that circulate in the bloodstream and act against…

Q: Which of the following is not an example of innate immunity? Histamine release by mast cells…

A: Innate immunity can be described as the non specific immunity or the defense mechanism with which…

Q: PAMPS, TLRs, interferon

A: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus which attacks the human (body's) immune system.   it…

Q: Compare and contrast the most common infections in individuals with defects in cell-mediated immune…

A: Introduction :- Antibody molecules released by plasma cells serve as the mediators of the humoral…

Q: Name four types of lymphocytes involved in cellularimmunity. Which of these is also essential to…

A: There are two arms of acquired immunity, which have different sets of participants and different…

Q: Which of the following is NOT an example of non-specific (innate) resistance mechanisms interacting…

A: The immune system is categorized into subparts: innate immunity and acquired immunity. Innate…

Q: Innate immunity involves all of the following except: Inflammation Antibodies Phagocytosis Fever

A: Innate immunity is non specific type of defence that is present at the time of birth. This is…

Q: The inflammatory response leads to increased activity of all of the following EXCEPT:   Group of…

A: The inflammatory response leads to increased activity of vascular permeability , number of…

Q: Which of the following is the end product of the complement system?a. properdin b. cascade reaction…

A: The complement system helps antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens, it consists of a…

Q: Which of the following complement components are generated during the classical path and bind…

A: The complement includes a group of proteins that are synthesized by the liver.

Q: What is the term for a cluster of connected antigens, complement molecules, and antibodies in…

A:

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.