Every year, Danielle Santos sells 53,856 cases of her Delicious Cookie Mix. It costs her $1 per year in electricity to store a case, plus she must pay annual warehouse fees of $4 per case for the maximum number of cases she will store. If it costs her $748 to set up a production run, plus $9 per case to manufacture a single case, how many production runs should she have each year to minimize her total costs? The number of production runs that Danielle should have is
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- Sally Statistics is implementing a system of statistical process control (SPC) charts in her factory in an effort to reduce the overall cost of scrapped product. The current cost of scrap is $X per month. If a 75% learning curve is expected in the use of the SPC charts to reduce the cost of scrap, what would the percentage reduction in monthly scrap cost be after the charts have been used for 6 months? (Hint: Model each month as a unit of production.)1. The Primary Metals production function in Table 7.4 of the MMH textbook, holding nonproduction workers constant, can be roughly expressed as Q = 100*L.08*K.37. Use this function to answer the following. Suppose a firm wishes to produce 1200 units of Q. Use an Excel Spreadsheet to find the MRTSLK in adding a 10th unit of Labor. Conduct your analysis using an Excel Spreadsheet and changing Labor by 1, 2, 3, etc., that is, use integer values of L only. In absolute value terms, the MRTSLK when we add the 10th unit of L is ______. A. 114.9. B. 18.4. C. 11.6. D. 7.5. E. 3.6. 2. This is a continuation of the previous problem. Suppose a Primary Metals company’s ratio of PL to PK is 1.40. What is the optimal (cost minimizing) combination of L and K that should be employed by the firm to produce Q = 1200? Conduct your analysis using an Excel Spreadsheet and changing Labor by 1, 2, 3, etc., that is, use integer values of L only. Use a Spreadsheet and not Excel Solver. The optimal L = _____…The Return of Detroit City: Enpar manufactures engine parts for Ford using steel as an input. Enpar operates two plants, one in Detroit, MI and one in Greenville, SC. The production functions for the two Enpar plants are:Detroit: QD= 18SD – 0.25 SD2 Greenville: QG= 43SG – 0.5 SG2 where QD and QG are the outputs of engine parts (in units) from the Detroit and Greenville plants, respectively. SD and SG are the amounts of steel for the two plants. The firm has 104 units of steel available.How much steel should be sent to Detroit?Enter as a value. ROUND TO THE NEAREST WHOLE NUMBER.
- At the beginning of the year, managers at King Industries estimated $420000 in manufacturing overhead, 20000 direct labor hours and 50000 machine hours. Actual manufacturing costs at the end of the year were $425000 in manufacturing overhead. During the year, 22000 direct labor hours and 47000 machine hours were incurred. If overhead is applied based on direct labor hours, what is the predetermined overhead rate for the coming year? $21.00 per direct labor hour $8.40 per direct labor hour $19.09 per direct labor hour $9.04 per direct labor hourA manufacturing company leases a building for $100,000 per year for its manufacturing facilities. In addition, the machinery in this building is being paid for in installments of $20,000 per year. Each unit of the product produced costs $15 in labor and $10 in materials. The product can be sold for $40. Use this information to solve, If the selling price is lowered to $35 per unit, how many units must be sold each year for the company to earn a profit of $60,000 per year? (a) 12,000 (b) 10,000 (c) 16,000 (d) 18,000 (e) 5,143. Select the closest answer.A firm faces the following costs: total cost of capital = $1,000; price paid for labor = $12 per labor unit; and price paid for raw materials = $4 per raw-material unit. a. Suppose the firm can produce 5,000 units of output this year by combining its fixed capital with 100 units of labor and 450 units of raw materials. What are the total cost and average total cost of producing the 5,000 units of output? b. Now assume the firm improves its production process so that it can produce 6,000 units of output this year by combining its fixed capital with 100 units of labor and 450 units of raw materials. What are the total cost and average total cost of producing the 6,000 units of output? c. If units of output can always be sold for $1 each, then by how much does the firm’s profit increase after it improves its production process? d. Suppose that implementing the improved production process would require a one-time-only cost of $1,100. If the firm only considers this year’s profit, would…
- E4 ACME Corporation produces a variety of products for its diverse customer base, including the jet-powered pogo stick and jet-propelled tennis shoes, both of which are essential for catching roadrunners. Currently, they produce 40,000 engines per year that are used in the production of these two products. As the production manager for thisproduct line, you have determined that last year’s costs to produce the engines included: $99,600 in direct material expenses, $298,800 in direct labor expenses, $224,100 in variable overhead costs (i.e. power to operate the equipment), and $116,200 in fixed overhead costs (i.e. utilities to keep the factory operational). ACME plans to produce these engines only for the next 6 years. If they produce the engines in-house, they anticipate that direct material costs will increase at a rate of 5% each year. Further, they anticipate that labor costs will increase at a rate of 6% per year and variable overhead costs will increase at a rate of 3% per year.…Consider the following Cobb-Douglas production function for the bus transportation system in a city: Q = Lβ1Fβ2Bβ3Where L = labour input in worker hours F = fuel input in gallons B = capital input in number of buses Q = output measured in millions of bus miles Suppose that the parameters (α, β1, β2 and β3) of this model were estimated using annual data for the past 25 years. The following results were obtained: β1 = 0.45, β2 = 0.20 and β3 = 0.30a. Determine the (i) labour, (ii) fuel, and (iii) capital-input production elasticities .b. Suppose that labour input (worker hours) is increased by 2 percent next year (with the other inputs held constant), determine the approximate percentage change in output. c. Suppose that capital input (number of buses) is decreased by 3 percent next year (which, certain older buses are taken out of service). Assuming that the other inputs are held constant, determine the approximate percentage change in output. d. What type of returns to scale appears…A large electric utility company releases 62 million tons of greenhouse gases (mostly carbon dioxide) into the environment each year. This company has committed to spending $1.2 billion in capital over the next five years to reduce its annual emissions by 5%.More will be spent after five years to reduce greenhouse gases further. Solve, a. What is the implicit cost of a ton of greenhouse gas? b. If the United States produces 3 billion tons of greenhouse gases per year, how much capital must be spent to reduce total emissions by 3% over the next five years based on your answer in Part (a)?
- ABC company creates specialty shipping bags that they sell to pharmaceutical companies across the globe. With their current equipment, ABC can produce 12,000 shipping bags for every 10 bundles of materials purchased. Every month (20 working days), ABC purchases 100 bundles of materials. Each bundle requires one (1) labor minute to process, and every labor hour costs an average of $14.00. Each week (5 working days), ABC pays $5,000 inoverhead costs, and equipment costs $600 a day to operate. (a). How many shipping bags does ABC produce in a standard month (20 working days)? Each workday (8 hours)? (b). What is the single-factor productivity for labor, per workday (8 hours)? Whatis the multi-factor productivity, for every dollar spent per shipping bag?Coffee RoasteryFocused on keeping its entire supply chain green, the roastery carefully selects the suppliers from whom it sourcescoffee beans. It works directly with farms and farm cooperatives, who are accredited as treating their farmers andemployees fairly and ethically. Approximately 50% of the roastery’s output is used by BB’s academy and coffee bars,ensuring a continued green chain across its businesses. In 2020, the coffee roasting unit produced 4500 tonnes andcontributed 15% of BB’s total revenue. The sustainability positioning has differentiated BB from its peers, and helpedit earn collaborations with socially responsible corporates. Best of all, there is now capacity to expand production toaround 18,000 tonnes at the roastery and start exporting roasted coffee beans to other countries.At present, the roastery is roasting 100% Arabica beans. The average wholesale price BB is able to sell the Arabicabeans for in 2021 is US$3.10, down from US$4.42 in 2014. However, projections…Burlington Motor Carriers, a trucking company, is considering the installation of a two-way mobile satellite messaging service on its 2,000 trucks. From tests done last year on 120 trucks, the company found that satellite messaging could cut 60% of its $5 million bill for long-distance communications with truck drivers. More importantly, the drivers who used this system reduced the number of "deadhead" miles-those driven without paying loads-by 0.5%. Applying that improvement to all 230 million miles covered by the Burlington fleet each year would produce an extra $1.25 million in savings. Equipping all 2,000 trucks with the satellite hookup will require an investment of $8 million and the construction of a message-relaying system costing $2 million. The equipment and onboard devices will have a service life of eight years and negligible salvage value; they will be depreciated under the five-year MACRS class. Burlington's marginal tax rate is about 38%, and its required minimum…