When is the effect of fiscal policy on real GDP the highest? O a. Steep SRAS curve, Small multiplier O b. Flat SRAS curve, Small multiplier Oc. Steep SRAS curve, Large multiplier d. Flat SRAS curve, Large multiplier
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- a) What are the three fiscal policy tools and how would each be used to counter a contractionary gap? b) True or False and explain: Fiscal Policy is effective at reducing the duration of an economic contraction. c) If the spending multiplier is 2.5 and the economy is in a $500 billion contractionary gap, how much should I increase government purchases to eliminate the gap? d) Continuing with c, if the MPC is 0.8, how much would I need to increase transfer payments to eliminate the $500 billion contractionary gap? e) True or False and explain: Households always react to tax changes in a predictable manner. Module 6: Deficits and the Debt. a) Distinguish between deficit and debt. b) Explain what crowding out is and why it reduces the impact of fiscal stimulus. c) True or false and explain: The national debt represents a threat of bankruptcy. (For d and e) Suppose the interest on the debt was $600 billion. If interest is paid domestically, 90% will be spent domestically (the remainder is…a) Suppose that there are no crowding-out effects and the MPC is 0.8. By how much must the government increase expenditures shift the aggregate-demand curve right $10 billion? b. The model of Long-run Growth, proposes that fiscal policy can have lasting effects on savings, investment, and economic growth. On the other hand, the model of Aggregate Demand-Aggregate Supply suggests that the only long run effect of fiscal policy is an increase in the price level. How could you use the Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply model for a more accurate description of the short-run and long-run effects of an increase in government spending? Could you distinguish between different uses of government expenditures to predict their effects on prices and output?Suppose that due ot a fiscal stimulus, there is an increase in disposable incomes of $100 billion in the first round. Then, $33 billion was spent in consumption from this initial change of the disposable incomes. Following the same marginal propensity to consume, how much is the change in consumption spending in the next round from the $33 billion?
- Suppose the federal government gives taxpayers a tax cut financed by borrowing. If taxpayers their debts, total spending will: O decrease. O first increase and then decrease. O increase. O remain unchanged.Suppose a closed economy with no government spending which in equilibrium is producing an output and income of 2500. Suppose also that the marginal propensity to consume is 0.80, and that, if at full employment, the economy would produce an output and income of 3900 By how much would the government need to cut taxes (T) to bring the economy to full employment?1.Gomad is a small economy operating with output that is $40 million below its natural level. Assume there is no crowding-out effect and the price level is completely fixed in the short run, how much government spending does the fiscal policymakers need to change to close this recessionary gap if MPC is 0.8?
- Asap both 1.a) Which of the following statements is correct?l.Expansionary fiscal policy is used to remove a recessionary gap.ll. Expansionary fiscal policy is used to shift AD right.A) l onlyB) I onlyC)both I and ID) neither I nor ll 1.b) Which of the following are examples of contractionary fiscal policy?A) decreasing government expendituresB) increasing taxesC) increasing transfer paymentsD) A and B are both contractionary fiscal policiesE) A, B, and C are all contractionary fiscal policiespls answer urgent all question Q1,a,b,c . Q1-Suppose the government reduces taxes by $20 billion, that there is no crowding out, and that the marginal propensity to consume is ¾. a. What is the initial effect of the tax reduction on aggregate demand? b. What additional effects follow this initial effect? What is the total effect of the tax cut on aggregate demand? c.How does the total effect of this $40billion tax cut compare to the total effect of a $40 billion in governmentpurchases? Why?1. If the marginal propensity to consume is 0.8 in an economy, a $20 billion rise in Incomes will do what to GDP? (Tell if it will increase or decrease GDP, and by how much.) 2. Suppose that the level of government spending increased by $100 billion where the marginal propensity to consume is 0.5. Aggregate expenditures must have increased by: 3. The Government has a $.8 Trillion Growth target. What fiscal policy should they implement if MPS = .2?
- Give typed solution only assume an economy has an MPC of .5 and their full employment level of output is $500 billion. If their current GDP is $600 billion, what could their government do to try ans correct this? a) decrease taxes by $50 billion b) decrease government spending by $50 billion c) increase government spending by $50 billion d) increase taxes by $50 billionNo written by hand solution a) Use the AS-AD model to describe the crowding-out effect of private investment occurring when the government decides to decrease taxation (T). Your analysis should include the AS-AD, IS-LM, and the money market graph. b) Assume that the government asked you to estimate how the above reduction in taxes will affect the income/GDP in the economy. How would you answer? (Hint: Mention and discuss not only graphs, but also the formula of the multiplier, and whether the multiplier is an accurate measureGiven MPC (marginal propensity to consume) = 0.75, if the government implements an expansionary fiscal policy as (1) cutting taxes by $10 billion, then by how much would total spending increase over an infinite period? (2) spending $10 billion, then by how much would total spending increase over an infinite period?
