Explain Chemical Hand Warmers?

Chemistry In Focus
7th Edition
ISBN:9781337399692
Author:Tro, Nivaldo J.
Publisher:Tro, Nivaldo J.
Chapter12: The Liquids And Solids Around Us: Especially Water
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 21E
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Explain Chemical Hand Warmers?

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Hand warmers are small (mostly disposable) packets which are held in the hand and produce heat on demand to warm cold hands. They are commonly used in outdoor activities. Other types of warmers are available to provide soothing heat for muscular or joint aches.

hand warmers contain cellulose, iron, activated carbon, vermiculite (which holds water) and salt and produce heat from the exothermic oxidation of iron when exposed to air. They typically emit heat for 1 to 10 hours, it usually takes 15-30 minutes to start to heat up, although the heat given off rapidly diminishes after 1–2 hours.

 

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