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Explain how the chemical messenger histamine is biosynthesized and how it elicits each symptom of inflammation.

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter17: Genes And The Immune System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11QP: It is often helpful to draw a complicated pathway in the form of a flow chart to visualize the...

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During the chemotaxis phase of the inflammatory response,a. C-reactive protein is secreted by damaged parenchymal cells in the tissue, which attracts neutrophils, which secrete leukotrienes and prostaglandins to attract macrophages; a purulent exudate is formed.b. Band cells respond to hyperthermia by producing TNF-α and interleukins, which then cause a left shift that results in the accumulation of neutrophils within the tissue.c. Damaged parenchymal cells release prostaglandins and leukotrienes to attract macrophages, causing a left shift and the formation of a purulent exudate.d. Cytokines, such as TNF-α, are released by damaged parenchymal cells, while leukotrienes and prostaglandins produced by neutrophils cause smooth muscle constriction and the further accumulation of leukocytes.