Explain how the technique of replica plating supports the randommutation theory but conflicts with the physiological adaptationhypothesis.

Q: What is structural variation of genomes? Describe the mechanisms that create structural variants,…

A: Structural variations are referred to variation or difference in the structure of chromosome of…

Q: Differentiate the two approaches ( optimality and modifier theory ) in recombination and selection…

A: Optimality and modifier theory are evolutionary paradigem use for the study of the genetic…

Q: Explain one experimental strategy for determining the functional role of the mouse HoxD-3 gene.

A: HoxD-3 gene basically functions in the process of morphogenesis and belongs to the category of…

Q: What three essential criteria must be met in order to execute asuccessful mapping cross?

A: Introduction: A genetic cross is the mating of two individuals with desired characters. The…

Q: What is a molecular marker? Give two examples. Discuss why it isgenerally easier to locate and map…

A: Introduction: Molecular markers are specific DNA segments identifiable among others in the whole…

Q: Give the  Experimental verification of the geneticcode

A: Though DNA is made up of only 4 types of nucleotides, the latter can be positioned in countless…

Q: Describe how the relative numbers of PDs and NPDscan be used to establish linkage

A: Parental ditype is a type of tetrad consisting of two different genotypes both of that are parental.…

Q: Explain about significant genome mosaicism in human somaticcells ?

A: During pregnancy time, If the newborn has a mistake in the cell division then the term is known as…

Q: Using blue-white selection, explain how to discriminate against bacteria with self-ligated vectors.…

A: Blue white selection is an efficient technique for the identification of Recombinant bacteria in a…

Q: Define transformation in griffin's experiment.

A: Griffith experiment changed the understanding of genetic material and DNA was accepted as the…

Q: • Was the negative electrode or the positive electrode positioned closer to the bottom of the gel? •…

A: A microsatellite is a sequence of DNA, it does not code for protein means they are present in the…

Q: Describe the role of 15N in the Meselson–Stahl experiment.

A: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double helix and its replication was proposed to occur by three…

Q: Besides the reasons listed in this feature,what other reasons would make the peaplant a better…

A: reasons would make the pea plant a better object for genetic study than humans are :

Q: Contrast WGS for gene identification to linkage map-basedapproaches ?

A: Disease gene identification may be a method by that scientists determine the mutant genotypes…

Q: list other biological examples in which specific (bacteriophage specificity) protein interactions…

A: Protein-protein interaction (PPI) is the physical contact or the interaction established between two…

Q: In a cotransduction experiment involving P1, the cotransductionfrequency was 0.53. How far apart are…

A: Transduction is the process of the transferring foreign DNA into the host cell by viral vector. T4…

Q: list and explain two strategic between the shotgun sequences/ assemble strategy for whole genome…

A: Genomic Sequencing is a process where whole genome of an organism is sequenced. With the help of…

Q: From the data, what can you conlucde about the effect of this mutant?

A: The difference between tyrosine and phenylalanine is that tyrosine has an hydroxyl group. The liver…

Q: Compare and contrast the mechanisms of replicative andnon-replicative transposition.

A: Transposition is a process, during which the DNA segment is transferred from one site to another in…

Q: How does homologous recombination with transfected disruption constructs can inactivate specific…

A: The plasmid does not contain the yeast origin of replication. The gene target constructed to…

Q: Which parameters are important to include when designing a GWAS (genome-wide association study) to…

A: For the purposes of genetic studies, SNPs are typically used as markers of a genomic region, with…

Q: Compare and contrast the use of SNP genotyping:(i) in the positional cloning of Mendelian…

A: The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping is the technique used to measure the genetic…

Q: What are the different genetic markers that genome-wide association studies (GWAS) employ? How can…

A: Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) or Whole-genome association study (WGAS) is a study of…

Q: Compare and contrast linkage analysis and genome-wide association studies. How are they similar? How…

A: Genetics is the branch of biology that deals with the study of genes, genetic variation, and…

Q: ompare the different electrophoretic data band patterns in the zymogram provided. How would you…

A: Ans: Zymograph or zymogram: This is the electrophoretic technique that is used to detect the…

Q: Give two different reasons for the much higher ratioof total DNA to protein-encoding DNA in the…

A: The genome consists of all the genes present in an organism. These genes are inherited from both the…

Q: What is the difference between an autonomous and a nonautonomousTE? Is it possible for nonautonomous…

A: Transposable elements are also called jumping genes that have the tendency to move from one location…

Q: Discuss the importance of linkage disequilibrium (LD) toassociation mapping of QTLs in humans.

A: The classical Mendelian traits are quantitative in nature which means, the traits which are easily…

Q: Construct a gene map given the following data Which should be the first gene? Which gene is found…

A: A genetic map is a type of chromosome map that shows the relative locations of genes and other…

Q: When doing a lab that involves Extraction of Genomic DNA from adult Drosophila melanogaster. - What…

A: The following controls should be used during the extraction of genomic DNA of Drosophila…

Q: Various kinds of biochemical events may explain why some disease alleles are dominant?

A: Answer: Introduction: Genes are structural and functional unit of cell. Mutations in genes  may lead…

Q: What is somatic hybridisation? Describe the various steps in producing somatic hybrids from…

A: The term somatic refers to the type of cells present in the body of an organism. Cell is the…

Q: Explain how researchers identify QTLs by establishingbackcross lines and then fine-mapping the QTLs…

A: Gene expression microarrays allow the quantification of transcript accumulation for plenty of genes…

Q: Sam wants to alter his interrupted mating experiment by placing a filter in between the donor and…

A: Introduction  Interupted mating is a technique for identifying bacterial genes that involves…

Q: what are some Limitations/sources of error with suitable rationalization that may occur during the…

A: PCR is in vitro method for amplifying defined target DNA sequences present within the source of DNA.…

Q: What were the initial experiments performed to determine the steps which elucidated the central…

A: a) During expression of a protein-coding gene, information flows from DNA→ RNA→protein. This…

Q: What is the major difference between generalized transductionand transformation?

A: TRANSDUCTION:- Is the process  by which DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another by a virus…

Q: explain the methods of how we could clone wooly mammoths

A: Cloning is the process of producing genetically identical individuals either naturally or…

Q: explain Mapping genes by cotransductionfrequencies.

A: Transduction is the process of genetic recombination when a virus acts as a vector for delivering…

Q: describe four basic molecular genetic processes.  What is a duration of these processes in an…

A: The central dogma of life comprises three major processes. They are: DNA replication Transcription…

Q: Explain how the fluctuation test and replica plating haveshown that mutations arise randomly…

A: Mutation is defined as a change or alteration in the nucleotide sequence which in turn alters the…

Q: When performing QPCR to study differential gene expression, what is the role of SYBR green? What is…

A: Introduction :- SYBR Green is a cyanine dye used in molecular biology studies as a nucleic acid…

Q: Compare replicative transposition and conservative transposition by constructing a 3D model showing…

A: transposable elements (Also named as jumping jeans; insertion sequences and mobile DNA elements) .…

Q: Briefly explain how Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) are done. Then, using this example of a…

A: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a methodology utilized in hereditary qualities examination…

Q: Please paraphrase how both experiments (from fig.2 and 3) are asking differing questions

A: Hi, thanks a lot for asking this technical experimental question. As You have asked to paraphrase…

Q: What lines of reasoning support the hypothesis that the firstself-replicating systems were based on…

A: Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an essential biological macromolecule. It is present in each biological…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.