Explain the following in terms of the electronic structure and bonding of the compounds considered. (a) Liquid oxygen is attracted to a strong magnet, whereas liquid nitrogen is not. (b) The SO2 molecule has a dipole moment, whereas the CO2 molecule has no dipole moment. Include the Lewis (electron-dot) structures in your explanation.
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
2) Explain the following in terms of the electronic structure and bonding of the compounds considered.
(a) Liquid oxygen is attracted to a strong magnet, whereas liquid nitrogen is not.
(b) The SO2 molecule has a dipole moment, whereas the CO2 molecule has no dipole moment. Include the Lewis (electron-dot) structures in your explanation.
3) Answer the following questions using principles of
(a) Consider the molecules CF4 and SF4.
(i) Draw the complete Lewis electron-dot structure for each molecule.
(ii) In terms of molecular geometry, account for the fact that the CF4 molecule is nonpolar, whereas the SF4 molecule is polar.
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