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Explain the importance of determining the partition coefficient during liquid-liquid extraction in food industry.
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- Explain why the partition coefficient of salicylic acid is different when a solution of 0.01 M HCl in water (pH ~ 2.0) is used as the aqueous layer compared to when just water (pH ~ 7) is used.If the solubility of a drug is 3.8 g/L and in chloroform 224.9 g/L calculate its partition coefficient.Explain the formation and importance of the electric double layer in the context of disperse systems.
- Derive an expression for the temperature dependence of Kc for a general gas-phase reaction.The solubility of Lorazepam (a tranquilizer found in Emotival , Lorax, Wypax, and other prescription medicines) is 0.08mg/mL and 2.62mg/mL, in water and chloroform, respectively. Estimate the partition coefficient of lorazepam between chloroform and water. 3. The solubility of benzoic acid at 25 degrees Celsius in water and diethyl ether is 3.35 mg/mL and 0.353 g/mL, respectively. Estimate the percent recovery of benzoic acid in the organic phase, if a solution of benzoic acid in water is extracted with an equivalent volume of ether. [HINT-pay attention to the units] 4. The solubilities of cholesterol in water and chloroform are 0.550mg/100mL and 1.00g/5.25mL, respectively. Estimate the partition coefficient of cholesterol between chloroform and water. [HINT- units] What conclusion can be drawn about the polarity of cholesterol?Explain the partition coefficient equation and the implications of the various K values (K = 1, K< 1, and K > 1).What information does this provide about the solute?
- Question: What factors influence the partition coefficient in liquid-liquid extraction and how do they affect the separation efficiency?Derive general expressions for (a) the partition coefficient, KoD,in an organic (1) aqueous–(2) LLE system for an un-ionized (neutral)form of a weak base given by HB+⇔H++B and (b) the distribution coefficient between organic and aqueous fluid phases in terms of pH and pKa.The absorbance of a 0.5 mM aqueous salicylic acid solution was 0.925. This solution was extracted with 10% ethyl acetate/hexane solution. The absorbance of the extracted aqueous salicylic acid solution at equilibrium was 0.670. Find the equilibrium concentrations of SA in the aqueous and the non-aqueous phases. Calculate the partition coefficient (K) for the salicylic acid.
- Solute S has a partition coefficient of 4.0 between water (phase 1)and chloroform (phase 2) in K = AS2/AS1= [S]2/[S]1(a) Calculate the concentration of S in chloroform if [S(aq)] is 0.020 M.(b) If the volume of water is 80.0 mL and the volume of chloroformis 10.0 mL, find the quotient (mol S in chloroform)/(mol S in water).The partition coefficient K for a compound between dichloromethane and water is determined to be 56 : 1 (K=56). If 10.0 mg of the compound is dissolved in 50.0 mL of water and this solution extracted with 25.0 mL of dichloromethane, how many mg of the compound will remain in the water layer following the extraction procedure? Show you calculationsWhere is the intermediate formation theory of catalysiis used ?