Explain why the ionization energy of sodium (Na) is less than the ionization energy of lithium (Li). In your explanation discuss the atoms' structure: energy levels (rings), protons, and/or valence electrons.

Q: Explain the sudden jump in ionization energy for the elements in period 3 and why that jump occurs…

A: The elements in third period are: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, and Ar.

Q: Explain how the effective nuclear charge influences physical properties (ionisation energy, electron…

A: Let’s see how effective nuclear charge influences atomic radii first , * The near the electron to…

Q: What is shielding effect? Explain effective nuclear charge and calculate it for the last valence…

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Q: Predict how the 1st ionization energy of neon would compare to the 2nd ionization energy of sodium…

A: Electronic configuration of  .Ne,Z=10)1s22s22p6. Na,Z=11),1s22s22p63s1 The amount of energy is…

Q: Arrange the following atoms in order of increasing ionization energy: In, F, Si, Sr, Ne. Smallest IE…

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Q: The ionization energies for Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs are 5.390, 5.138, 4.339, 4.176, and 3.893 eV,…

A: All the atoms are having ionization energy as they are from similar environment and same electrical…

Q: For main-group elements, are outer electron configurations similar or different within a group?…

A: For main-group elements, are outer electron configurations similar or different within a group and…

Q: Do you expect the ionization energy of sodium (Na) to begreater than, less than, or equal to the…

A: Definition- " Ionization energy is the  minimum amount of energy required to remove the valence…

Q: Using electron configurations, would you expect the electron affinity of tellurium (Te) to be…

A: Interpretation- Electron affinity between Tellurium and Iodine. Concept introduction- Electronic…

Q: Use the trends in ionization energy and electron affinity to explain why calcium fluoride has the…

A: The energy requirement associated with an atom to remove an electron from its outermost shell is…

Q: Write the electron configurations for Al, O, S and Ca.

A: Based on the Aufbau principle, electrons are filling in orbitals from low energy to high energy. The…

Q: Of the elements: C, F, Li, and Na, the element with the highest ionization energy i

A: Across the period ionisation energy increases due to decreasing size of the elements resulting from…

Q: Would you expect an anion to be larger or smaller than the corresponding atom, and why?

A: An anion is formed when a gaseous neutral atom attains electrons.

Q: Explain the term, the electron affinity is positive?

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Q: Consider the following elements – O, F, Na, Mg and Al. -What is the first criterion you would use to…

A: The order of size of the atoms given to us can be determined as follows:

Q: Referring to the periodic table, arrange the atoms Ne, Na, P, Ar, K in order of increasing first…

A: The atoms have to be arranged in increasing order of first ionization energy.

Q: Based on their positions in the periodic table, predict which has the largest first ionization…

A: Ionization energy Ionization energy represents the amount of energy that will be required to remove…

Q: What element in period 3 is a metalloid?   Give this element’s ground state noble gas orbital…

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Q: Examine the electron configurations of the elements of Group 1A. Which type of orbital does the…

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Q: State the periodic law, and explain its relation to electron configuration. (Use Na and K in your…

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Q: Which atom should have the lower first ionization energy:  oxygen or sulfur?  Why?

A: The details solution for this is provided below in step II.

Q: 1. Based on their positions on the periodic table, predict which has the smallest atomic radius: Mg,…

A: Answer for the question 1. Cl Answer for the question 2. Cs

Q: Rank the elements Mg, Na, Rb, and K in order of increasing first ionization energy.

A: Rules  1) on moving from left to right in a period the ionization energy increases. 2) on moving top…

Q: Outline the properties that would be expected of the element flerovium (the period 7 element in…

A: The given element is Flerovium. It's atomic number is 114 and it's atomic weight is 289 u.

Q: Write general outer electron configurations (nsx npy ) for groups 6A and 7A in the periodic table.…

A: The periodic table is the arrangement of elements in periods and groups.

Q: explain structure and fine structure of an atom in quantum mechanics in detail

A: Molecular quantum mechanics, is a branch of chemistry focused on the application of quantum…

Q: b. (i) Define Electron Affinity and explain why the electron affinity may either have positive or…

A: Electron affinity can have both positive or negative values.

Q: Explain the trends observed in the following figure, which shows the first ionization energy as a…

A: The minimum amount of energy required to remove the single outermost electron from the atom is…

Q: Galium (Ga) is an element in group III with atomic number 31. By referring to the Periodic Table,…

A: Ionisation energy is amount of energy required to remove electrons from outermost shell of an atom.

Q: Of the elements Li, K, N, P, and Ne, which has the greatest metallic character?

A: Metallic character of the elements increases down the group and decreases along the period from left…

Q: write the shorthand electron configurations for O, S, Se, and Te and state what is similar about…

A: The arrangement of the electrons in the different atomic orbital of an atom is known as the…

Q: Use electron configuration to explain why arsenic can acquire charges of 3- and 3+ but not 2+.

A: Answer:- This question is answered by using the simple concept of writing the electronic…

Q: The electron affinity of sodium is lower than that of lithium, while the electron affinity of…

A: The amount of energy required to gain an electron is called electron affinity. This is calculated in…

Q: Define first ionization energy and electron affinity. Without looking directly at tables for…

A: First ionization energy is defined as the amount of energy required to remove an electron from a…

Q: Arrange the atoms according to decreasing effective nuclear charge experienced by their valence…

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Q: What is meant by the term electron density?

A: Electron density is a representation of the probability of finding an electron in a specific…

Q: Illustrate the properties of Electric Charge?

A: It is known that like charges repel each other and unlike charges attract each other.

Q: describe how to write an electron configuration and why it is an important skill in the study of…

A: Electronic configuration is a very important skill in chemistry. It's like basic of chemistry. It…

Q: Arrange these elements according to first ionization energy. Be, C, O, Ne, B, Li, F, N. Arrange…

A: ionisation energy   is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound…

Q: ionization energy,

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Q: What is the quantum number of the valence electron of Magnesium?

A: Quantum numbers are used to describe an electron in an atom.  Principal quantum number ( n ) It…

Q: Describe the relationship between the properties of an element and the number of valence electrons…

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Q: Use the electron configurations of Si and O to explain why these atoms combine chemically in a…

A: The electron configuration of Si and O atoms are given below.

Q: Which has the larger second ionization energy, lithium or beryllium? Why?

A: Second ionisation energy is defined as the energy required for removing elements' second electron…

Q: Rank the following atoms in order of increasing ionization energy, from lowest to highest: S, Se, O,…

A: Atoms consist of protons, electrons and neutrons. Protons and neutrons present in nucleus of atom…

Q: rank the three anions of the elements F, Cl, O according to their increasing ionic radius, explain…

A: The answer to the following question is-

Q: How can you describe an effective nuclear charge, what is its symbol, and how are atomic radius and…

A: An atom is composed of three main sub-atomic particles; electrons, neutrons and protons. The atomic…

Q: Based on their positions in the periodic table, predict which has the smallest first ionization…

A: The ionization energy of an element is defined as the minimum amount of energy required to remove…