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- Osmotic pressures are often reported in units of atmospheres or mm Hg. The latter impliesthat the height of a column of liquid can be used as a measure of pressure. This is, in fact, thebasis of the torricellian barometer from which the units of “torr” come. The pressure, P, isrelated to the height of the column by:P = ρghwhere ρ is the density of the liquid, g is the acceleration due to gravity and h is the height. Whatwill be the height (in mm) of a column of aqueous solution with a density of 0.9987 g/mL, if theosmotic pressure of the solution at 25 °C is 1.4 mm Hg? The density of mercury at thistemperature is 13.8 g/mLMass of empty dish: 38.386 grams Volume of 0.0400 M stock solution: 5.00 mL Mass of Dish and 0.0400 M stock solution: 44.751 grams Mass of Dish and CuSO4 (after evaporation): 38.468 grams 1. Calculate the density of the solution a)Calculate the percent by mass, CuSO4, in stock solution (100 x g CuSO4/g solution) b)Calculate the molality of the stock solution (mole CuSO4 / kg solvent) c) Calculate the molarity of the stock solution (moles CuSO4 / L solution)Crude petroleum is formed from organic matter that accumulates in sea basins and estuaries and decomposed by anaerobic bacteria resulting to a black viscous product. A typical elemental analysis shows 81% C, 13%H, 1%N, 3% O, and 2% S. During a certain combustion, air is supplied in less than theoretical amount. 75% of the O2 burns up to CO2 and the rest to CO. The molal ratio CO to H2 in the flue gas is 1:2.a. Calculate the Orsat analysis of the flue gas b. % of the theoretical air supplied for combustion c. m3 air supplied/kg cure petroleum
- The solvent for an organic reaction is prepared by mixing 70.0 mL of acetone (C3H6OC3H6O) with 56.0 mL of ethyl acetate (C4H8O2C4H8O2). This mixture is stored at 25.0 ∘C∘C. The vapor pressure and the densities for the two pure components at 25.0 ∘C∘C are given in the following table. What is the vapor pressure of the stored mixture? Compound Vapor pressure(mmHg) Density(g/mLg/mL) acetone 230.0 0.791 ethyl acetate 95.38 0.900The maximum solid solubility of carbon in ferrite occurs at 0.022 wt% C and 727 ° C, the eutectoid composition is 0.76 wt% C, the maximum solid solubility of carbon in austenite occurs at 2.14 wt% C and 1147 ° C, and the cementite composition is 6.7 wt% C. For 2122 g of a 3.2134 wt% C steel at 726 ° C, what will be the mass of carbon present as part of a compound?(a) 67.9 g(b) 74.2 g(c) 58.7 g(d) 83.5 gFluorocarbons (compounds that contain both carbonand fluorine) were, until recently, used as refrigerants.The compounds listed in the following table are all gasesat 25 °C, and their solubilities in water at 25 °C and 1atm fluorocarbon pressure are given as mass percentages.(a) For each fluorocarbon, calculate the molality of a saturatedsolution. (b) Which molecular property best predictsthe solubility of these gases in water: molar mass,dipole moment, or ability to hydrogen-bond to water?(c) Infants born with severe respiratory problems are sometimesgiven liquid ventilation: They breathe a liquid thatcan dissolve more oxygen than air can hold. One of theseliquids is a fluorinated compound, CF3(CF2)7Br. The solubilityof oxygen in this liquid is 66 mL O2 per 100 mL liquid.In contrast, air is 21% oxygen by volume. Calculate themoles of O2 present in an infant’s lungs (volume: 15 mL)if the infant takes a full breath of air compared to takinga full “breath” of a saturated solution of O2 in…
- The table below shows temperature/composition data collected for a mixture of methylbenzene (M) and octane (O) at 1 atm. Recall that x stands for the mole fraction in the liquid and y stands for the mole fraction in the vapor in equilibrium. The boiling points for methylbenzene (M) and octane (O) are 110.60C and 125.60C, respectively. Construct the phase diagram with Temperature vs. xM. What is the composition of the vapor in equilibrium with the liquid of composition (a) xM = 0.250 and (b) xO = 0.250. T (0C) 110.9 112.0 114.0 115.8 117.3 119.0 121.1 123.0 xM 0.908 0.795 0.615 0.527 0.408 0.300 0.203 0.097 yM 0.923 0.836 0.698 0.624 0.527 0.410 0.297 0.164Calculate the total pressure in a binary system where the mole fraction of A in the vaporphase is 0.200, the vapor pressure of pure A is 100. mmHg and the vapor pressure ofpure B is 300. mmHg.Some nonelectrolyte solute (molar mass 142 g/mol) was dissolved in 150. mL of a solvent (density 0.879 g/cm3 ). The elevated boiling point of the solution was 355.4 K. What mass of solute was dissolved in the solvent? For the solvent, the enthalpy of vaporization is 33.90 kJ/mol, the entropy of vaporization is 95.95 J/K•mol, and the boiling-point elevation constant is 2.5 K•kg/mol.
- 279.28 mL of 1.22 M organic salt was mixed with 168.14 mL of Ethanol (d= 0.789 g/mL, MW 46.07g/mole). Pure ethanol has a vapor pressure of 0.059 atm what will be the vapor pressure of the solution?The solubility of benzoic acid in water is: 0.21g/ 10mL at 10°C 0.27g/ 10mL at 18°C 2.75g/ 10mL at 80°C 6.80g/ 10mL at 95°C. Heating benzoic acid in water until __________ then cooling to _________ leads to maximum yield of recrystallizationHexane and perfluorohexane show partial miscibility below 22.70 °C. The critical concentration at the upper critical temperature is x = 0.355, where x is the mole fraction of C6F14. At 22.0 °C the two solutions in equilibrium have x = 0.24 and x = 0.48, respectively, and at 21.5 °C the mole fractions are 0.22 and 0.51. Sketch the phase diagram. Describe the phase changes that occur when perfluorohexane is added to a fixed amount of hexane at (i) 23 °C, (ii) 22 °C.