Health EconomicsA Theoretical Economic Evaluation of Management of Anemia in Hemodialysis patientsPatients with chronic renal failure who are on hemodialysis suffer from profound anemia which is oftenextremely debilitating. This is due to the reduction of erythropoietin and the loss of blood duringhemodialysis/ historically these patients have been managed by the use of blood transfusions. Now,synthetic erythropoietin is available. So the alternatives are whether to give erythropoietin or bloodtransfusion when the hemoglobin level of the patient is below 8g/dl.Effectiveness data for the two alternatives available from the literature suggest that erythropoietin canmaintain hemoglobin levels above 8g/dl for 91% of the year, whereas blood transfusions maintain levelsfor 76% of the year. The effectiveness measure used here is the percentage time spent with a hemoglobinlevel above 8 g/dl.Assume that the health economic evaluation is taking the perspective of the health care provider.You have 1000 dialysis patients who would be eligible for erythropoietinYou have the following cost information for the two alternativesCost administration of erythropoietinThe average does is 200 units /kg subcutaneously per week in three divided doses. Usingprefilled syringes, this costs PhP 106.65 per week per patientOccasionally patients have influenza type reactions, an increase in blood pressure or ahypertensive crisis. The incidence and cost of managing these events are as followsInfluenzatype | Increased BPHypertensive crisisreactionIncidence (patients 1 per 101 per 101 per 500per year)Costof 1.00600.00managementCost of Blood TransfusionPatients whose anemia is managed by blood transfusion have on average twotransfusions per month. Each transfusion is typically two units of blood.Cost of transfusion = cost of blood + cost of administration = PhP 130.00Occasionally patients have allergic reactions, an increase in blood pressure or ironoverload. The incidence and cost of managing these events are as followsAllergic reaction1 per 100Increase BPIron overloadIncidence1 per 101 per 100patients/yearCost of management 400.00400.00 For Each alternative Answer the followingWhat are the direct costs to the Health care provider? (State these costs)2. What are the indirect costs and to whom do they accrue? (state these costs)3. What are the intangible costs and to whom do they accrue? (state these costs)1.

Following are the direct, indirect, intangible and total costs for Alternative 1: Cost of…

For Each alternative Answer the following What are the direct costs to the Health care provider? (State these costs) 2. What are the indirect costs and to whom do they accrue? (state these costs) 3. What are the intangible costs and to whom do they accrue? (state these costs)

For Each alternative Answer the following What are the direct costs to the Health care provider? (State these costs) 2. What are the indirect costs and to whom do they accrue? (state these costs) 3. What are the intangible costs and to whom do they accrue? (state these costs)

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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