For each policy listed, identify whether it is a command-and-control policy (regulation), tradable permit system, corrective subsidy, or corrective tax.
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- Radio stations, tornado sirens, light houses, and street lights are all public goods in that all are nonrivalrous and nonexclusionary. Therefore why does the government provide tornado sirens, street lights and light houses but not radio stations (other than PBS stations)?Draw a standard supply and demand diagram for televisions, and indicate the equilibrium price and output. a. Assuming that the production of televisions generates external costs, illustrate the effect of the producers being forced to pay a tax equal to the external costs generated, and indicate the equilibrium output. b. If instead of generating external costs, television production generates external benefits, illustrate the effect of the producers being given a subsidy equal to the external benefits generated, and indicate the equilibrium output.Carbon dioxide emissions have been linked to worsening climate conditions. The following table lists some possible public policies aimed at reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. For each policy listed, identify whether it is a command-and-control policy (regulation), tradable permit system, corrective subsidy, or corrective tax. Public Policy Command-and-Control Policy Tradable Permit System Corrective Subsidy Corrective Tax The government limits total carbon-dioxide emissions by all factories to 130,000 tons per decade. Each individual factory is given the right to emit 170 tons of carbon dioxide, and factories may buy and sell these rights in a marketplace. Trees take carbon dioxide out of the air and convert it to oxygen, so the government funds a tree-planting initiative by offering $480 to any citizen who plants a tree. The government orders every factory to adopt a new technology, which reduces…
- the effect of government regulation on auto emission is related to micro econimics or macro economic? explain the reason.Utilizing market-based strategies, government can control contamination. By utilizing approaches, for example, tradable pollution permits or corrective taxes on contamination emissions a. Assume the government has a corrective tax in place on each ton of coal transmitted and there is an increase in the number of firms producing in this industry. If the government wants to maintain the same amount of pollution that existed prior to the entry of these firms, how should it adjust the corrective tax? Provide a well-labelled graph and explain. b. Assume that instead that the government has a pollution permit policy in place and there is an increase in the number of firms producing in this industry. If the government wants to maintain the same amount of pollution that existed prior to the entry of these firms, how should it adjust the number of permits issued? Provide a well-labelled graph and explain.I notice that the last section which I'm including isn't explained. ------ Regulation Versus Tradable Permits Determine the total cost of eliminating six units of pollution using both methods, and enter the amounts in the following table. (Hint: You might need to get information from previous tasks to complete this table.) Proposed Method Total Cost of Eliminating Six Units of Pollution (Dollars) Regulation ?? Tradable Permits ?? In this case, you can conclude that eliminating pollution is ___ costly to society when the government distributes tradable permits than when it regulates each firm to eliminate a certain amount of pollution. ------ Can you please explain this part of the question? Much appreciated.
- Advertisement-free radio broadcasting is a non-excludable public good.The following table shows the private marginal benefits of each of 10,000 residents in a rural county as well as the social marginal benefits from hours of ad-free broadcasting per day. Hours per day Private MB Social MB 6 $7 $70,000 8 $6 $60,000 10 $5 $50,000 12 $4 $40,000 Each hour of broadcasting costs $50,000.The market outcome would be ________ hours of ad-free broadcasting each day. The efficient quantity is ______ hours of ad-free broadcasting each day. Select one: A. 0; 0 B. 0; 10 C. 6; 12 D. 10; 0 E. 10; 10"Since the occurrence of COVID-19 health crisis in Gaza in early 2020, severalexternalities existed during the partial, and complete economic lockdown."Answer the following questions: b. Give an example on an externality (domestic or international) that occurredduring COVID-19 economic crisis.Over the last 10 years the federal government has dramatically increased the number of regulations pertaining to transportation security and the effects of transportation on the environment. After the terrorist attack on the United States on September 11, 2001, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was established. Within the DHS is the Trans- portation Security Administration, which is responsible for implementing regulations to protect the safety of passengers using the U.S. airline industry. These regulations require passengers to be screened for illegal items before they enplane, limit the size and nature of items in carry-on luggage, and provide guidelines for more intense scrutiny of ran- domly selected passengers. Critics of these policies complain that these policies delay passengers, increase time through airports, cause delays, and increase costs for the air- lines. Proponents of these policies argue that the safety of air passengers is more impor- tant that these delays…
- Emission charges and cap-and-trade systems are the two dominant market incentive-based approaches for the reduction of emissions. Describe how an emission charge or tax works. Describe how a cap-and-trade system works. Contrast the two systems: what are the fundamental differences between them? Do those differences matter? Provide two examples of jurisdictions that impose a carbon tax. Provide two examples of jurisdictions that imposes a cap-and-trade regime. As the manager of a business that produces emissions, which system would you prefer to face? Why?From the perspective of economists which statement is true: 1.) Benefits estimates for an environmental regulation that will reduce risks to human life probably should depend on the income levels of the people who will be affected by the regulation, despite political pressures to use the identical number for everyone, regardless of their income level. 2.)None of the other statements is correct. 3.) It is wrong to use willingness to pay as a measure of the benefits from a regulation to reduce environmental mortality risks. Rich people will be willing to pay more than poor people for the same reduction in risks. If the cost of the regulation is high, it is possible that the estimated net benefits from the project will be positive for a rich community but negative for a poor community, so only the rich community will get the protection. 4.) Suppose a specific type of environmental regulation, intended to reduce mortality risks, passes a benefit-cost test in the U.S. Then…What is a market-failure rationale for the government investing in education and training programs? a. Education likelyresults in a negative externality in production, so government investment corrects for the under-provision by private, unregulated markets. b. Education likely results in a positive externality in consumption, so government investment corrects for the under-provision by private, unregulated markets. c. Education likely results in a positive externality in production, so government investment corrects for the over-provision by private, unregulated markets. d. Education likely results in a negative externality in consumption, so government investment corrects for the over-provision by private, unregulated markets.