For each system listed in the first column of the table below, decide (if possible) whether the change described in the second column will increase the entropy of the system, decrease S, or leave S unchanged. If you don't have enough information to decide, check the "not enough information" button in the last colum Note for advanced students: you may assume ideal gas and ideal solution behaviour. System Change AS O AS < 0 The solution is put into a semipermeable bag immersed in the water, and 50. mL of pure water flows through the bag into the sucrose solution. A 0.35 M solution of sucrose in O AS = 0 water, and a beaker of pure water, both at 37.°C. O AS > 0 not enough O information O AS < 0 The seawater is passed through a reverse-osmosis filter, which O AS = 0 A liter of seawater at 15°C. separates it into 750. mL of pure O AS > 0 water and 250. mL of brine (very not enough information salty water). O AS < 0 20. L of pure argon (Ar) gas and O AS = 0 The gases are mixed, with the 20.0 L of pure xenon (Xe) gas, O AS > 0 pressure kept constant at 2 atm. both at 2 atm and 22°C. not enough O information Check Terms of Use Privacy Center Accessi Explanation O2022 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. IA to search 18

For each system listed in the first column of the table below, decide (if possible) whether the change described in the second column will increase the entropy of the system, decrease S, or leave S unchanged. If you don't have enough information to decide, check the "not enough information" button in the last colum Note for advanced students: you may assume ideal gas and ideal solution behaviour. System Change AS O AS < 0 The solution is put into a semipermeable bag immersed in the water, and 50. mL of pure water flows through the bag into the sucrose solution. A 0.35 M solution of sucrose in O AS = 0 water, and a beaker of pure water, both at 37.°C. O AS > 0 not enough O information O AS < 0 The seawater is passed through a reverse-osmosis filter, which O AS = 0 A liter of seawater at 15°C. separates it into 750. mL of pure O AS > 0 water and 250. mL of brine (very not enough information salty water). O AS < 0 20. L of pure argon (Ar) gas and O AS = 0 The gases are mixed, with the 20.0 L of pure xenon (Xe) gas, O AS > 0 pressure kept constant at 2 atm. both at 2 atm and 22°C. not enough O information Check Terms of Use Privacy Center Accessi Explanation O2022 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. IA to search 18

Physical Chemistry

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781133958437

Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas

Publisher:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas

Chapter6: Equilibria In Single-component Systems

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6.55E

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For each system listed in the first column of the table below, decide (if possible) whether the change described in the second column will increase the entropy S of the system, decrease S, or leave S unchanged. If you don't have enough information to decide, check the "not enough information" button in the last column. Note for advanced students: you may assume ideal gas and ideal solution behaviour.
Calculating Thermodynamic Values from an Equilibrium ConstantBackgroundAs discussed in lecture, the free energy for a reaction can be related to the equilibriumconstant through the formula below.K = e (-ΔG° / RT)Therefore if Kc for a reaction is known, Go can be determined, or vice versa. Furthermore, ifyou have the value for Go at two different temperatures, you can calculate H and S throughthe familiar equation for Gibbs energy below, since you have two unknowns but also twoequations.G = H – T SIn this lab you will be studying the solubility of borax (Na2B4O5(OH)4*8H2O), a slightly solublesodium salt, at two different temperatures. When solid borax is added to water, theequilibrium below is established.Na2B4O5(OH)4*8H2O (s) 2 Na+ (aq) + B4O5(OH)42- (aq) + 8 H2O(l)If you measure the concentrations for those substances that show up in the reaction quotient,then the Kc for the reaction at that temperature can be calculated. In this lab, theconcentration of borate ion…
1 mol super cooled liquid water transformed to solid ice at -10 oC under 1 atm pressure. a) Calculate entropy change of the system, surrounding and universe. (temperature of the environment is -10 °C) b) Make some comments on entropy changes from the obtained data Please use the following data for water : Melting entalpy of ice (ΔHmelting) at 0°C and 1 bar is 6020 J mol-1. Cp (H2O (s)) = 37,7 J mol-1 K-1 Cp (H2O (l)) = 75,3 J mol-1 K-1
At 298K, NH4NO3 readily dissolves in water, suggesting that the change in free energy (ΔG) favors the dissolution process. However, when NH4NO3 dissolves in water, the temperature of the water decreases. The particulate diagram above attempts to provide a microscopic view of the dissolution of NH4NO3(s) considering both the change in enthalpy (ΔH) and the change in entropy (ΔS). Which of the following explains what the particle diagram is able to illustrate and why? (see attached image) a.) The particle diagram is able to illustrate that the ΔH for the dissolution of NH4NO3 is exothermic because overcoming the attractive forces between the ions requires the absorption of energy. b.) The particle diagram is able to illustrate that the ΔH for the dissolution of NH4NO3 is endothermic because forming new interactions between the ions and the water molecules releases energy. c.) The particle diagram is able to illustrate that entropy increases when NH4NO3(s) dissolves in water…
Benzene (C6H6) has a melting point of 5.50C and an enthalpy of fusion of 10.04kJmol-1 at 25.00C. The molar heat capacities at constant pressure for solid and liquid benzene are 100.4JK-1mol-1 and 133.0JK-1mol-1, respectively. Calculate the change of entropy of system and change of entropy of the surrounding at 100C for the reaction of C6H6(l)---->C6H6(s)
A closed, but not isolated system is in thermal contact with its surroundings. The system's volume is fixed at 7.3 L. Both the system and surrounds have a temperature of 25 °C. A chemical reaction occurs inside the system for which ΔrU = 11.38 KJ. (A) What is the change in entropy for the surroundings for the process, ΔSsurr? (B) What are the ranges of possible values for the change in entropy of the system, ΔSsys , for this process?
Use the calibration curve data provided to determine the entropy (ΔS, in J/K) associated with dissolving KNO3. please put the answer in this format: ____x10___power ___units *use correct sig figs
What will be the Gibbs free energy in KJ/mol if the entropy of the reaction (ΔS°rxn) is 301.59 KJ/mole and the ethlapy (ΔH°rxn) is -394.59 J/mol at 27.73 oC? Answers in 2 decimal place , unit is not required.
Consider the following reaction: H2(g) + ½ O2 (g) ------> H2O (g) The standard enthalpy of formation of gaseous H2O at 298 K is -241.82 kJ mol-1. Calculate the value at 153 0C. Given Cp,m for H2O(g): 33.58 kJ mol-1; H2 (g): 28.84 kJ mol-1; O2 (g): 29.37 kJ mol-1. Assume heat capacities are independent of T. NOTE:answer in kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol)
Assume that solutions of ethylbenzene : benzene behave ideally. a) Calculate the entropy of mixing if 40 g of ethylbenzene is mixed into 50 g of benzene.b) At room temperature (298 K), what is ΔmixG for mixing 40 g of ethylbenzene (PhEt) and 50 g of benzene (PhH)?c) Would you notice a temperature change associated with the process in parts a) & b)?d) Instead you mix 40 g of benzyl alcohol (PhMeOH) into 50 g of benzene (PhH). Let’s denote the difference between this process and the process in part b) as:ΔΔG = ΔmixG[ PhMeOH ∶ PhH ] − ΔmixG[ PhEt ∶ PhH ]What do you expect the sign of ΔΔG to be? ( ΔΔG < 0, ΔΔG ≈ 0, or ΔΔG > 0 )Briefly justify your answer.
Assume that solutions of ethylbenzene : benzene behave ideally. a) Calculate the entropy of mixing if 40 g of ethylbenzene is mixed into 50g of benzene.b) At room temperature (298 K), what is ΔmixG for mixing 40g of ethylbenzene (PhEt) and 50g of benzene (PhH)?c) Would you notice a temperature change associated with the process in parts a) & b)?d) Instead, you mix 40g of benzyl alcohol (PhMeOH) into 50g of benzene (PhH). Let’s denote the difference between this process and the process in part b) as: ΔΔG = ΔmixG [PhMeOH ∶ PhH] − ΔmixG [PhEt ∶ PhH] What do you expect the sign of ΔΔG to be? (ΔΔG<0, ΔΔG≈0, or ΔΔG>0)Briefly justify your answer.
1 mol super cooled liquid water transformed to solid ice at -10 oC under 1 atm pressure. Calculate entropy change of the system, surrounding and universe. (temperature of the environment is -10 °C) Please use the following data for water : Melting entalpy of ice (ΔHmelting) at 0°C and 1 bar is 6020 J mol-1. Cp (H2O (s)) = 37,7 J mol-1 K-1 Cp (H2O (l)) = 75,3 J mol-1 K-1