For four bi-allelic loci of a quantitative trait, how many possible phenotypes and genotypes are there?

Q: Which of the following is an example of how genotype and environmental factors can work together to…

A: The phenotypic expression is basically guided by the genotypic composition of an individual. however…

Q: Definesome of the statistical techniques used to study quantitative inheritance & multifactorial…

A: Multifactorial inheritance alludes to disorders brought about by various qualities and natural…

Q: Define the following: (a) polygenic, (b) additive alleles, (c) monozygotic and dizygotic twins, (d)…

A: Hello. Since your question has multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three sub-parts for you. If…

Q: What are two different alleles for a trait?

A: A trait is defined as the particular characteristic such as skin color, height, eye color etc. The…

Q: What is the most probableinheritance pattern of a traitwith gaussian proportionaldistribution of…

A: Inheritance is the process by which this genetic information present in the genes is passed on from…

Q: What are two of the same alleles for a trait?

A: Humans are diploid (2n) organisms that contain two alleles of each gene. The alleles can be dominant…

Q: Why is the variance larger for a BC1 population compared to an F1 population?

A: "Inheritance" is the process through which a child gets genetic information from his or her parents.…

Q: What are individuals having two different alleles for a single trait?

A: The alternate forms of gene are referred to allele. An allele determines the hereditary…

Q: a. What is a complex trait? How many genes do we expect to affect a complex trait? b. How linkage…

A: Hi, thank you for your question. Since we are entitled to answer only one question at a time, I…

Q: Understand the meaning of broad-sense heritability?

A: The degree of variation in the specific phenotype as a result of genetic variation among the…

Q: Why is skin color, eye color, and height of humans under Non-Mendelian pattern of inheritance?

A: Mendel's studies mainly described those traits that have distinct alternate forms such as seed…

Q: What does a heritability score tell us about HOW genes and environment interact in an individual to…

A: Heritability is the measure of how well differences in peoples genes account for differences in…

Q: Explain about genotype-by-environment interaction variance ?

A: The phenotype and physiological functioning of an organism are dependent on the genetic makeup of…

Q: How can one use a pedigree chart to hypothesize how a certain condition is transmitted?  Can a…

A: An individual's genotype determines his or her phenotype. The genotype is established by the alleles…

Q: Determine whether the piebald spotting trait in the given problem is a dominant or recessive trait.

A: Gene is that the basic unit of inheritance that's accountable for providing all the physical and…

Q: If monozygotic twins show complete concordance for a trait, whether they are reared together or…

A: MZ twins share 100% of their genetic material, and heritability tests how much of a phenotype is…

Q: What is the difference between broad-sense heritability and narrow-sense heritability? Why is…

A: Heritability is defined as the amount of phenotype variance within a population due to the genetic…

Q: What was the second filial (F2) generation in Mendel's experiment?

A: Mendel experiment was based on the traits inheritance in pea plants at a time. This is the theory…

Q: How does the the Alleles present affect the bloodtype? What is the relationship between Alleles and…

A: Bloodtype is a classification of blood on the basis of antigens present on red blood cells and…

Q: Which are the components of phenotypic variance?

A: Phenotypic variance is defined as the change in the gene expression in response to the environmental…

Q: What is a test-cross? Why might a geneticist need to do a test-cross and how are the results used to…

A: A test cross is done to find out the genotype of the individual and whether it is homozygous or…

Q: Why do you think Mendel's finding rejects the blending theory of inheritance?

A: Gregor Johann Mendel was the first person to carry out the study which lead to the formulation of…

Q: What is the offspring phenotype ratio?

A: Genetic is the branch of biology that is concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and…

Q: Explain why some complex traits are also called quantitative traits, and give at least one example.

A: Complex traits are a trait that does not follow mendelian inheritance patterns, is likely to be…

Q: How is the number of individuals in the “Expected” column for each phenotype of the Chi-squared…

A: Chi-squared tests are used to determine whether the difference between an observed and expected…

Q: How do we know that threshold traits are actually polygenic even though they may have as few as two…

A: In many polygenic traits, the continuous phenotypic distribution results from an incremental…

Q: If a phenotypic ratio for a single trait is 3:1 (75%:25%) in the offspring, whatgenotypes would you…

A: Genes are regions of DNA that code for a specific protein. The set of genetic material of an…

Q: Define the process of Calculating Allele Frequencies ?

A: Genes are the functional units of heredity. It contains information that is transferred from one…

Q: Define the following: additive alleles ?

A: Genes are the segments of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that contain genetic information.  This…

Q: What is Dominance variance ?

A: Variations are the genetic features present in the organisms distinct from their parents.

Q: Are sex-linked traits, sex-limited traits, and sex influence traits following Mendelian principles…

A: The DNA is the hereditary unit of an organism. The genes are composed of DNA  which is passed on…

Q: Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment required us to flip coins separately for each trait. If one…

A: Independent assortment occurs during the process of meiosis. Meiosis is similar to mitosis, only the…

Q: A polygenic trait has three loci.  How many dominant alleles will the offspring of Eduardo (AABBCC)…

A: Polygenic traits are controlled by multiple genes. They interact together to influence a phenotypic…

Q: Explain the components of phenotypic and genotypic variances

A: Genetic variation is the difference in the sequence of DNA between individuals in a population. It…

Q: draw a Punnett square with three different squares of three different traits?

A: A Punnett square represents phenotype and genotype of the progenies.

Q: Of the following groups, which would collectively share the most alleles? one niece, two first…

A: Allele sharing: The most number of alleles are shared by most related individuals. an allele is a…

Q: Two genes can interact in which several ways to determine a single trait?

A: Genetic Interaction – The process in which two or more genes interact with each other in order to…

Q: What effect is played by admixture in determination of Race/Ancestry?

A: Admixture determination is a method of inferring someone's geographical origins based on an analysis…

Q: How do you find a pedigree LOD score?

A: Pedigree analysis is the way in which a single inherited trait in a group of related individual is…

Q: Are sex-linked traits, sex-limited traits, and sex-influenced traits following Mendelian Principles…

A: Train is define as a specific character or feature of an organism and it is determined by the…

Q: What is one example of a trait and a phenotype of that trait?

A: An organism's physical traits or qualities are known as its phenotype, and they result from the…

Q: What is the allele frequency of uppercase a’s?

A: Formula - Allele frequency of a = # of a alleles/total # of alleles

Q: If the parents are both homozygous for the characteristics, what are their genotypes?

A: Homozygous means both the alleles are alike. Heterozygous means both the alleles are different.

Q: What is the importance of the comparison of traits between adopted and natural children in…

A: A trait is a specific characteristic of an individual or organism. The genetic contribution to a…

Q: How are genotype and allele frequencies measured?

A: Genetics is the study of genes, their interactions, and the effect of environment on genes. Broadly…

Q: Assuming theoretical segregations, give the frequency of each individuals with genotypes having 5…

A: Gregor Johann Mendel was an Austrian Monk, who is known as the father of genetics published the…

Q: What is a Sex-Linked Trait? Why are they noted differently than other alleles when completing…

A: A sex-linked trait is a trait whose alleles are present on the sex chromosomes.

Q: Where are the mother's alleles placed on a Punnett Square?

A: PUNNET SQUARE It is a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or…

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.

Quantitative Genetics

Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.