For the following processes, calculate the change in internal energy of the systemexpressed in kJ unit and determine whether the process is endothermic or exothermic:(a) A balloon is cooled by removing 0.655 kJ of heat. It shrinks on cooling, and theatmosphere does 382 J of work on the balloon. (b) A 100.0-g bar of gold (atomicweight of gold = 196.97 g/mol) is heated from 25 °C to 50 °C during which it absorbs%3D322 J of heat. Assume the volume of the gold bar remains constant.

According to first law of thermodynamics ∆U =q +w Where ∆U is change in internal energy,…

Answered: For the following processes, calculate…

For the following processes, calculate the change in internal energy of the system expressed in kJ unit and determine whether the process is endothermic or exothermic:

Principles of Modern Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079113

Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Chapter12: Thermodynamic Processes And Thermochemistry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3P

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: The molar heat capacity at constant pressure of carbon dioxide is 29.14 J K-1 mol-1. (a) What is the…

A: We’ll answer the first question since the exact one wasn’t specified. Please submit a new question…

Q: Which of (i) pressure, (ii) temperature, (iii) work, (iv) enthalpy are state functions?

A: A state function is used to describe the state of equilibrium established in a system. The state…

Q: which will most likely have change in enthalpy (H) = change in internal energy (U) ?

A: Given Reaction (A) PCl5(g) → PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) (B) H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g) (C)…

Q: 8. Calculate the E for a system undergoing an exothermic process in which 10.3 kJ of heat flows and…

Q: Calculate internal energy from heat and work and state the signconventions of these quantities?

A: First law of thermodynamics: According to first law of thermodynamics, total internal energy of…

Q: The value of AE for a system that performs 151 k) of work on its surroundings and loses 79 kJ of…

Q: An average human produces about 10 MJ of heat each day through metabolic activity. If a human body…

A: According to the equation: Temperature rise can be calculated as:

Q: true or false Internal energy of the system is composed of two state functions called heat and…

A: According to first law of thermodynamics difference in heat and work gives the change in internal…

Q: Using the molar enthalpies of formation and the formula, determine the change in enthalpy for the…

Q: . What is the change in internal energy of the system (AU) if 82 kJ of heat energy is absorbed by…

A: According to the first law of thermodynamics, the internal energy is equal to the sum of heat…

Q: Differentiate between state and nonstate thermodynamic systems using suitable examples.

A: Thermodynamics is basically that branch of physics which deals with heat, work, and temperature.…

Q: A calorimeter is a well insulated container that can be used to measure heat changes in a process.…

A: Heat capacity is equal to the amount of heat required to raised the temperature by 1oC of 1g of…

Q: What is the reletionship between internal energy, heat capacity and enthropy?

A: The amount of energy required to increase the temperature of a substance by one degree celsius is…

Q: Calculate the standard enthalpy of combustion of octanol using its standard enthalpy of formation…

A: Standard enthalpy of formation is the enthalpy change during the formation of one mole of a…

Q: Which of (i) volume, (ii) heat, (iii) internal energy, (iv) density are state functions?

Q: Provide a molecular interpretation of heat. How is it different from the equivalent molecular…

A: Given- a molecular interpretation of heat. How is it different from the equivalent molecular…

Q: An instrument consisting of electric motor and a battery produced 25 kJ of work and lost 10 kJ as…

A: The relationship between work, heat and internal energy change is given by ΔU = q + w where ΔU =…

Q: 200 cm3 of 1.0M HCL and 200 cm3 of 1.0M NaOH at 33.1oC were mixed in a simple calorimeter. The…

Q: If the calorimeter undergoes a heat change (qcal) of 479.08 and the temperature of the calorimeter…

A: q c a l = C × Δ T change in heat = qcal = J Temperature change = ∆T =ºC. Heat capacity = C = J…

Q: 1. Mechanical energy of pressure transformed into energy of heat. c. Heat exchanger d. Heat of…

A: “Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: a system recieves 425J of heat and delivers 425J of work toits surroundings. what is the change in…

A: Given Heat ( q ) = +425 J ( as heat is received to system ) Work ( w) = +425 J ( as work done by…

Q: elationship between heat transfer and change in temperature is given by Q = , where c is specific…

A: Applying concept of open system.

Q: The units for s, the specific heat of the water in the calorimeter, are J/(gK) The units for ΔT can…

A: The specific heat capacity of the water can be defined as the heat required to raise the temperature…

Q: The heat capacity of an Object (F) is the amount of heat (Q) required to raise it’s temperature, per…

A: The properties of matter that do not depend on the size or quantity of matter in any way are…

Q: 13. Standard molar enthalpy of formation of CO, is equal to: (a) Zero (b) The standard molar…

A: Introduction: The standard molar enthalpy of formation is defined as the enthalpy for the reaction…

Q: What is the change in the internal energy of the system if 69 kJ of heat energy is evolved by the…

A: From first law of thermodynamics, Heat added to system = change in internal energy + work done by…

Q: If a gas absorbs 200 J of heat and expands by 0.5 L against a constant pressure of 2 bar then the…

Q: The heat of combustion of 1,4-butanediol (C4H10O2) at 298.15 K, determined in a bomb calorimeter is…

A: Given Heat of combustion 1,4-butadiene = 43.5 KJ/g

Q: increases

A: According to the question, we need to determine the false statement.

Q: We can calculate the heat capacity (C) of the calorimeter by measuring the change in heat qcal and…

A: The term heat capacity can be defined as the physical property of the given matter which is equal to…

Q: In an isolated system 1000 J of heat is added to an ideal monatomic gas, while the gas performs 500…

A: From data Q= +1000J (positive as it is positive in case of heat is added to system as per chemistry…

Q: 4. When 2.5 mol CO2 is heated at a constant pressure of 1.25 atm, its temperature increases from 250…

Q: What is the connection between Hess's law and the fact that enthalphy is a state function?

A: Chemical thermodynamics is branch of chemistry in which we deal amount of heat evolved or absorbed…

Q: change in the internal energy

Q: A system expands from a volume of 1.00 L to 2.00 L against a constant external pressure of 1.00 atm.…

Q: (1) What are the thermodynamlc quantitles of a system that affect the amount and algn of the…

A: a. i. The thermodynamic quantities that affect the amount and the sign of the internal energy change…

Q: Under what circumstance can the enthalpy of a system decrease for a spontaneous process?

A: Entropy measures the degree of randomness in the system. When a substance changes its phase solid to…

Q: For a constant-pressure process, what is the difference between the internal energy (delta U) and…

A: At a constant pressure, the change in enthalpy is equal to the sum of internal energy and the…

Q: Calculate the magnitude of q for a system that does 508000 kJ of work on its surroundings and for…

A: Given information,

Q: What is the change in internal energy of the system (AE) if 25 kJ of heat energy is evolved by the…

Q: An ideal gas sealed in a rigid 5.87-L cylinder, initially at pressure Pi=10.10 atm, is cooled until…

Q: What is the mass of 5.00 mol of ethanol? b) How much heat Q enters the ethanol? c)…

A: Given 5 moles of ethanol warmed from 10oC to 60oC. Pressure=1 atm Molar mass of ethanol is 46.1…

Q: Under what conditions does q, the heat evolved or absorbed by the system in a physical or chemical…

A: The correct answer is given below

Q: Suppose that the reaction of 2.857 moles consumes 2.45 kJ of heat. What is the molar enthalpy of the…

A: The molar enthalpy of a reaction is change in enthalpy of one mole substance that is undergoing…

Q: (a) Zero (b) The standard molar enthalpy of combustion of gaseous carbon, (c) The sum of standard…

A: The question is based on the concept of chemical thermodynamics. we have to define standard enthalpy…

Q: A 250 kJ of work was done on a system and as a consequence, released 350 kJ of heat. Which of the…

A: Given Work done on the system ( W ) = 250 KJ Heat release ( q ) = 350 KJ Correct statement = ?

Q: () What are the thermodynamlc quantitles of a system that affect the amount and sign of the Internal…

A: a. i. The thermodynamic quantities of a system that affect the amount and sign of the internal…

Q: In the temperature neutral experiment we used the following relationship to obtain the value of…

A: Enthalpy of reaction is calculated per mole in many cases so total heat is divided with total moles…

Question

For the following processes, calculate the change in internal energy of the system
expressed in kJ unit and determine whether the process is endothermic or exothermic:
(a) A balloon is cooled by removing 0.655 kJ of heat. It shrinks on cooling, and the
atmosphere does 382 J of work on the balloon. (b) A 100.0-g bar of gold (atomic
weight of gold = 196.97 g/mol) is heated from 25 °C to 50 °C during which it absorbs
%3D
322 J of heat. Assume the volume of the gold bar remains constant.

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Step 3

VIEW

Step by step

Solved in 3 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Many compressed gases come in large,heavy metal cylindersthat are so heavy that they need a special cart to move them around. An80.0-Ltank ofnitrogen gas pressurized to 172 atm is left in the sun and heats from its normal temperature of 20.0C to 140.0C. Determine a the final pressureinsidethe tank and b the work, heat, and U of the process. Assume that behavior is ideal and the heatcapacity of diatomic nitrogenis 21.0J/mol.K.
What is the change in internal energy when a gas contracts from 377mL to 119mLundera pressure of 1550 torr, whileat the same time being cooled by removing 124.0J ofheat energy?
To a test tube containing 10.0 ml of 0.50 M HCl solution in a calorimeter, 0.05482 g of solid MgO (MW = 40.30 g/mol) at the same temperature was added. A change in temperature of 6.2°C was recorded. In a separate experiment, the heat capacity of the calorimeter was determined to be 0.293 kJ/°C. 1. Calculate the experimental ΔHrxn (in kJ/mol) for the reaction between MgO andHCl.2. If the theoretical ΔHrxn of the reaction between MgO and HCl is -1349 kJ/mol, calculate the %error.
A) For nitrogen gas the values of Cv and Cp at 25°C are 20.8 J K−1 mol−1 and 29.1 J K−1 mol−1, respectively. When a sample of nitrogen is heated at constant pressure, what fraction of the energy is used to increase the internal energy of the gas? B) How much energy (in KJ) is required to raise the temperature of 136.4 g N2 from 25.0°C to 87.0°C in a vessel having a constant volume?
The first and second ionization enthalpies of calcium.Ca, are 596 kJ mol-1 and 1145 kJ mol-1 respectively at 25 °c.Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the processCa(g) → Ca2+(g) + 2e- (g) at this temperature.
What is the standard enthalpy of isomerization (kJ/mol) of propanol to isopropanol in the liquid state?
An instrument consisting of electric motor and a battery produced 25 kJ of work and lost 10 kJ as heat to the surrounding during 10 minutes of work. Considering this instrument as a closed system, calculate change of its internal energy, delta U, during this period?
Benzoic acid of mass 1.40 g is reacted with oxygen in a constant volume calorimeter to form H2O(l) and CO2(g) at 298 K. The mass of the water in the inner bath is 1.40×103g. The temperature of the calorimeter and its contents rises 2.84 K as a result of this reaction. Part A Calculate the calorimeter constant. The standard enthalpy of combustion of benzoic acid at 298 K is −3227 kJ⋅mol−1. CP,m(H2O,l)=75.3J⋅mol−1⋅K−1.
Nitrogen gas stored in a flexible container expanded from a volume of 500 dm3 to a volume of 600 dm3 at a constant external pressure of 101.3 kPa upon absorbing 35.5 kJ of heat. How much is the change in the internal energy of the gas?
The temperature of a block of iron (Cv,m = 25.1 J K-1 mol- 1) of mass 1.4 kg fell by 65 °c as it cooled to room temperature.What is its change in internal energy?
Estimate the enthalpy of vaporization of water at 100 °c from its value at 25 °c, 44.01 kJ mol-1, given the constant pressure molar heat capacities of 75.29 J K-1 mol-1 and 33.58 J K-1 mol-1 for liquid and gas, respectively.
Describe how to find the relationshipbetween the state properties (P, V, T ) of agas and its molar mass or density.