QUESTION 1questions. Just give the answer only. Make sure that your answers are carefully numbered.Give short answers to each of the following questions. Do not copy the(a) An aqueous solution is(b) Water dissolvescompounds andcompoundsbecause it is asolvent.(c) The shape of water isand the angle of water is(d) An aqueous solution which conducts an electric current is described asThis solution contains ions with opposite(e) Kelvin (K) is(f) In the ground state, phosphorus-31 hasvalence orbitals, 16andthreeelectrons.(g) The energy of the highest level in the H atom is(h) Arrange the following subshells in a polyelectronic atom in order of increasing energy:3s4d2р 4f3d2s3p4s(i) When we write ground-state electron configurations of atoms, what are the principles and rulesthat we should consider?(i) Orbitals can beor full; when they are full they have two electrons withopposite(k) (i) What do we mean by the internal energy of a system?(ii) A system loses 850 J of heat and its volume decreases from 2.75 L to 1.27 L at an externalpressure of 1.00 atm. Calculate the change in the internal energy of the system.(1) Write the ground-state electron configuration for the copper(1) ion.(m) Wave functions for atomic orbitals are obtained from theequation andhave two parts, which areand2(n) Chemical bonds can be classified asor triple according tothe(0) The bond distance of Br2 is defined as(p) Chemical bonds are also classified asand ionic according to the

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Give short answers to each of the following questions. Do not copy the QUESTION 1 questions. Just give the answer only. Make sure that your answers are carefully numbered. (a) An aqueous solution is (b) Water dissolves compounds and compounds because it is a solvent. (c) The shape of water is and the angle of water is

Give short answers to each of the following questions. Do not copy the QUESTION 1 questions. Just give the answer only. Make sure that your answers are carefully numbered. (a) An aqueous solution is (b) Water dissolves compounds and compounds because it is a solvent. (c) The shape of water is and the angle of water is

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079373

Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Publisher:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Chapter10: Solutions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 73QAP: Consider three test tubes. Tube A has pure water. Tube B has an aqueous 1.0 m solution of ethanol,...

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In your own words, explain (a) why seawater has a lower freezing point than fresh water. (b) why one often obtains a grainy product when making fudge (a supersaturated sugar solution). (c) why the concentrations of solutions used for intravenous feeding must be controlled carefully. (d) why fish in a lake (and fishermen) seek deep, shaded places during summer afternoons. (e) why champagne fizzes in a glass.
Consider three test tubes. Tube A has pure water. Tube B has an aqueous 1.0 m solution of ethanol, C2H5OH. Tube C has an aqueous 1.0 m solution of NaCl. Which of the following statements are true? (Assume that for these solutions 1.0m=1.0M.) (a) The vapor pressure of the solvent over tube A is greater than the solvent pressure over tube B. (b) The freezing point of the solution in tube B is higher than the freezing point of the solution in tube A. (c) The freezing point of the solution in tube B is higher than the freezing point of the solution in tube C. (d) The boiling point of the solution in tube B is higher than the boiling point of the solution in tube C. (e) The osmotic pressure of the solution in tube B is greater than the osmotic pressure of the solution in tube C.
You have read that adding a solute to a solvent can both increase the boiling point and decrease the freezing point. A friend of yours explains it to you like this: The solute and solvent can be like salt in water. The salt gets in the way of freezing in that it blocks the water molecules from joining together. The salt acts like a strong bond holding the water molecules together so that it is harder to boil. What do you say to your friend?
If one is very careful, it is possible to float a needle on the surface of water. (If the needle is magnetized, it will turn to point north and south and become a makeshift compass.) What would happen to the needle if a drop of liquid soap is added to the solution? Explain the observation.
If a salt is added to water, which of the following is likely to occur? a.The boiling point will increase and the freezing point will decrease. b.The boiling point will increase and the freezing point will increase. c.The boiling point will decrease and the freezing point will decrease. d.The boiling point will decrease and the freezing point will increase.