he theory of endosymbiosis posits that mitochondria became organelles in eukaryotes engulfment event leading to a symbiotic relationship that was maintained throughout onary history. What evidence supports the theory of endosymbiosis? a. Mitochondria have their own DNA b. Mitochondrial ribosomes are similar in shape and size to prokaryotic ribosomes c. The presence of the double membrane surrounding mitochondria d. All of the above

he theory of endosymbiosis posits that mitochondria became organelles in eukaryotes engulfment event leading to a symbiotic relationship that was maintained throughout onary history. What evidence supports the theory of endosymbiosis? a. Mitochondria have their own DNA b. Mitochondrial ribosomes are similar in shape and size to prokaryotic ribosomes c. The presence of the double membrane surrounding mitochondria d. All of the above

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305073951

Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter19: Life's Origin And Early Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15SQ: Chronologically arrange the evolutionary events, with 1 being the earliest and 6 the most recent...

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1. Why was the great oxygenation event important for mitochondrial development? a) In your own words, define symbiotic. 2. Chloroplasts and mitochondria both contain a circular DNA chromosome, and ribosomes. Why does this evidence support the theory of endosymbiosis as the mechanism for the origin of eukaryotic cells? a) Today, could mitochondria live independently of their eukaryotic cell host? Give two pieces of evidence to support your answer.
1. Why does the endosymbiotic hypothesis need to maintain that chloroplasts may have had at least three different origins? It is because a. the phyla of algal protists can be divided into three groups based on photosynthetic pigments and chloroplast structure b. molecular systematics link the red line, green line, and brown line to three different eubacteria c. the pigment compositions and thylakoid arrangement of cyanobacteria occur in three different arrangements d. the chloroplasts of green plants show three distinct morphologies 2. What do the banded formations in marine sediments indicate? a. Early cyanobacteria probably were producing oxygen when the sediment was deposited. b. The pH value of the early seas was quite low due to the excretion of organic acids from the fermentation by prokaryotes. c. Purple sulfur bacteria were the dominant life form in the seas during that time. d. The early atmosphere was very reducing. 3. How did the first gene develop?…
1. Which of the following is not an evidence that chloroplasts and mitochondria originated as prokaryotic endosymbionts of larger cells? * A. They contain circular DNA molecules not associated with proteins. B. Their membranes have enzymes and transport systems that resemble those found in plasma membranes of prokaryotes. C. Their ribosomal RNA is more similar to that of eubacteria than to eukaryotes. D. They contain their own genome and produce their own proteins. 2. Why does the endosymbiotic hypothesis maintain that chloroplasts may have at least three origins? It is because * A. Molecular systematics link the red line, green line and brown line to three different eubacteria. B. The chloroplasts of green plants show three distinct morphologies. C. The pigment composition and thylakoid arrangement cyanobacteria occur in three different arrangements. D. The phyla of algal protists can be divided into three…
4. an ancestral eukaryote engulfed an aerobic bacterium that evolved into this present day a. mitochondrion b. nucleus c. golgi apparatus d. ribosome
5)Which of the following observations constitutes evidence that mitochondria evolved before chloroplasts? Mitochondria are aerobic. Chloroplasts are photosynthetic. Aerobic bacteria evolved before photosynthetic bacteria (cyanobacteria). Some protists have separately evolved their own plastids (chloroplast-like structures) through endosymbiosis of cyanobacteria, or even through endosymbiosis of photosynthetic protists. All Eukaryotes have mitochondria; only a subset of Eukaryotes have chloroplasts.
The concept of endosymbiosis as applied to chloroplast and mitochondria found in eukaryotes: a) is based on evidence that Chloroplasts and Mitochondria were originally prokaryotes, b) changes present day animals into plants, c) explains how chemical evolution caused the appearance of life, d) allowed chloroplasts to carry out aerobic metabolism, e) all are true.
Endosymbioses that lead to the evolution of euglenoids and, separately, the evolution of chlorarachniophytes were the result of the combining of: a. two ancestral nonphotosynthetic prokaryotes. b. two ancestral photosynthetic prokaryotes. c. a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote with a photosyntheticeukaryote. d. a photosynthetic prokaryote with a nonphotosyntheticeukaryote. e. mitochondria with an already established plastid.
According to the hypothesis of serial endosymbiosis, (a) life originated from nonliving matter (b) the pace of evolution quickened at the start of the Cambrian period (c) chloroplasts, mitochondria, and possibly other organelles originated from intimate relationships among prokaryotic cells (d) banded iron formations reflect the buildup of sufficient oxygen in the atmosphere to oxidize iron at Earths surface (e) the first photosynthetic organisms appeared 3.1 bya to 3.5 bya
The evolution of _______ resulted in the eventual formation of the ozone layer. a. DNA based genomes b. aerobic respiration c. sexual reproduction d. oxygen-producing photosynthesis
Mitochondria most likely evolved by ___________ . a photosynthetic cyanobacterium cytoskeletal elements endosymbiosis membrane proliferation
Which of the following organisms is a prokaryote? a. amoeba b. influenza A virus c. charophyte algae d. E. coli
The host cell in the endosymbiosis that produced the first chloroplasts was a(n) ______. a. early eukaryote b. archaeon c. aerobic bacterium d. alga