HEAD and Dunlop set prices simultaneously for their respective tennis rackets. Let p₁ ≥ 0 denote the price set by HEAD and p220 the price set by Dunlop. Consumers demand 4-2p1+p2 billions of HEAD rackets and 4-2p2+P₁ billions of Dunlops's. Assume that the cost of producing a tennis rackets is 0, so the payoff of HEAD is v₁ (P1, P2) = P₁(4-2p₁+P₂), and the payoff of Dunlop is v2 (P1, P2) = P2(4-2p2+P1). (a) What is the best-response p₁ = BR1(p2) of HEAD to a price p2 chosen by What is the best-response p2 = BR₂(p1) of Dunlop to a price p₁ chosen by Dunlop? HEAD? Find the Nash equilibrium of game (b)
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- The Able Manufacturing Company and Better Bettors, Inc. are rival firms in the production of a calculator used by horse racing fans for handicapping (determining betting strategies). Each firm has a fixed cost of $100 and a MC = $10 in producing calculators. The demand for the industry’s product is: Q = 900 – 5P, where P is the market price and Q = Q1 + Q2. If each firm must choose how many calculators to produce and sell without knowing of its rival’s production decision, what will be the Cournot equilibrium price and quantities produced? Calculate the profit for each firm.Consider a simple Bertrand market in which N=3 firms compete by setting prices. As long as they can purchase for less than 20, 10 million consumers select to buy the good from the cheapest firm, and break indifferences at random with equal probabilities if more than one firm set the lowest price. a- The three firms have equal marginal costs c1 =c2 =c3 =5. Derive the demand and payoff function of each firm i as a function of the prices in the market. b- What is the set of non-dominated strategies (or prices) for each firm? c- Derive the Nash Equilibrium of this game. d- How do total consumer surplus, welfare, and profits in the market change relatively to a- above if firm 1 becomes more efficient, and specifically if c1 =2<c2=c3=5 How does total consumer surplus, welfare, and profits in the market change if relatively to d- above, while firm 1 becomes more efficient, firms 2 and 3 experience a cost-increase (e.g. inputs become harder to procure) so that c1 =2<c2 =c3 =7? f- In…Consider a single manufacturer (M) and a single retailer (R). Suppose the final demand function is Q=20-4p. M produces at AC=MC=2. The game is played out as below: In stage 1, M decides the wholesale price pw. In stage 2, R decides the retail price pr to consumers. a. Find the values of pr and pw in equilibrium b. Suppose M and R vertically integrate. Find the optimal price for the integrated firm
- Suppose two Bertrand competitors, F1 and F2, make identical products for a market with inverse demand P = 600 – 0.5Q. Both firms have the same costs Ci = 20qi, and each firm has sufficient capacity to supply the entire market. a. What prices will the firms choose? How much might each produce and what profit would they make? Is the result a Nash equilibrium? Explain. b. Suppose F1 improves its efficiency, reducing its cost to C1 = 16q1. What will happen in this market? Explain. c. Assume now that the firms have their original identical costs, but that F1 has only 100 units of capacity and F2 has only 200 units of capacity. What prices will the firms choose now? Explain why neither firm will want to decrease its price at the equilibrium you identify. Why would neither firm want to increase its price? Prove this for F1.Let's say that the demand side of the market for Blue Soda is comprised of 3 leading agents/individuals: Anthony, Brad, and Claire. Let P be the price of 1 liter of Blue Soda, and Qd be the quantity demanded of Blue Soda in liters. Here are the key points to the problem: - Anthony buys only one liter of Blue Soda if the price of it falls below his choke price of $10. - Brad's demand for Blue Soda is defined by QdB = 5 - P/2 - Claire buys 2 liters if the price is below $5, 1 liter if the price is between $5 and $10, and nothing if the price is above $10. Using this information, please sketch the individual demands and the market demand by aggregating the three agents/individuals. Label the graph clearly. Please make sure to sketch the individual demands first and then sketch the market demand.Economics - Game Theory & Business Strategy Inverse Market Demand for tires is P = 200 - .01Q We assume the manufacturer sets a Price, 'X', for the tires and the manufacrturer moves first, selecting 'X' before any sales decisions are made. In this variation, we assume there are 3 retail firms, each with Market Power. The firms (1,2,3) make their sales decisions (q1,q2,q3) simultaneously, taking the manufacturer's price X as given. Total market sales, Q, then equal q1 + q2 + q3. We assume the only cost for the retailers is the cost 'X' for each tire. Additionally, the manufacturer produces the tires at a Marginal Cost of $10 a tire. **** Write out the Extensive form of this game ****
- Consider a Duopoly model, in which two firms decide a quantity simultaneously. The market demand is given by P=120 - 3Q, where Q is the total output (i.e., Q=Q1+Q2). Each firm has an identical cost function, TCi=12Qi, i=1, 2. If Firm 1 believes Q2=12, Firm 1 should sell Q1= _____ units in order to maximize its profit.Please sloved it carefully and with explaniation Carl and Simon are the only sellers of pumpkins at the market, where the total demand function for pumpkins is q =3 ,200−1,600p. The total number of pumpkins sold at the market is q = qC + qS, where qC is the number that Carl sells, qS is the number that Simon sells. The cost of producing pumpkins for each farmer is $.50 per pumpkin; the fixed costs are zero. .a. Find the Cournot equilibrium price and quantities. .b. Find the Bertrand equilibrium price and quantities. . .c. Suppose now that every spring the snow thaws off of Carl’s pumpkin field a week before it thaws off of Simon’s. Therefore, Carl can plant his pumpkins one week earlier than Simon while predicting Simon’s choice based on the previous year information. Simon observes Carl’s choice and chooses how much pumpkin to plant. Find the new equilibrium price and quantities. .d. Compare the quantities and prices in parts a, b, and c. Rank these outcomes according to Pareto…1. Consider an industry with inverse demand given by p = 8 – q, where p is the price, and q is the quantity. There is one incumbent firm and one potential entrant. In the first stage of the game, the incumbent chooses its quantity qi. In the second stage, the potential entrant observes qi and chooses its quantity Ce. The potential entrant can also decide not to enter the market. The production technology of both firms are represented by the cost function C = 2q. To enter industry implies a fixed entry cost of F. (a) Find the equilibrium of the game, assuming that the potential entrant enters the industry. What are the profits of firms? (b) Assume that entry is not blockaded. For which values of F does the incumbent firm prefer to deter entry? (c) For which values of F, entry blockaded?
- Two firms produce a homogeneous good and compete in price. Prices can only take integer values. The demand curve is Q = 6 p, where p denotes the lower of the two prices. The lower - priced firm meets all the market demand. If the two firms post the same price p, each one gets half the market demand at that price, i. e., each gets (6p)/2. Production cost is zero.a) Show that the best response to your rival posting a price of 6 is to post the monopoly price of 3. What is the best response against a rival's price of 4? of 5?Consider a duopoly with a leader (called L) and a follower (called F). The market demand is given as: P=500-0.25Q, where Q=QL+QF The total cost function for the leader is given as: TCL=0.03QL The total cost function for the follower is given as: TCF=0.1QF All variables are per day, per plant. What is the profit-maximizing quantity for the leader (per day, per plant)? (Note: Round your answer to two decimal pointsTwo firms, Incumbent & Entrant, can produce the same good. The market demand for the good is given by P = 180 – Q, where P is the market price and Q is the market quantity demanded. The firms must pay w = 45 per unit of output for labour and r = 45 per unit of output for capital (one unit of capital is used per unit of output), but Incumbent may choose capacity KI units of capital before Entrant decides whether to enter the market. Suppose firms each have fixed costs FI =600, FE=500. Incumbent chooses (as a Stackelberg leader) capacity KI equal to the monopoly profit- maximizing quantity. When you answer the following questions, show your work. a. Would Incumbent be able to prevent entry by choosing capacity KI equal to the monopoly profit-maximizing quantity? Explain. b. What is the Incumbent’s equilibrium choice of capacity KI in this Dixit game? c. Does the Incumbent’s choice of capacity KI in part (b) qualify as predatory conduct (here, limit output)? Explain.