How do monatomic and diatomic gases compare with respect to their molar specific heat at constant volume?O A monatomic gas has a greater molar specific heat at constant volume.O A diatomic gas has a greater molar specific heat at constant volume.O Monatomic and diatomic gases have the same molar specific heat at constant volume.

Molar Specific Heat capacity at constant volume is the heat energy required for 1 mole of…

Answered: How do monatomic and diatomic gases…

Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections

1st Edition

ISBN:9781133939146

Author:Katz, Debora M.

Publisher:Katz, Debora M.

Chapter19: Temperature, Thermal Expansion And Gas Laws

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 42PQ

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An ideal monatomic gas at a pressure of 2.0105N/m2 and a temperature of 300 K undergoes a quasi-static isobaric expansion from 2.0103 to 4.0103 cm3. (a) What is the work done by the gas? (b) What is the temperature of the gas after the expansion? (c) How many moles of gas are there? (d) What is the change in internal energy of the gas? (e) How much heat is added to the gas?
One mole of an ideal monatomic gas occupies a volume of 1.0102 m3 at a pressure of 2.0105 N/m2. (a) What is the temperature of the gas? (b) The gas undergoes a quasi-static adiabatic compression until its volume is decreased to 5.0103 m3. is the new gas temperature? (c) How much work is done on the gas during the compression? (d) What is the change in the internal energy of the gas?
As shown below, calculate the work done by the gas in the quasi-static processes represented by the paths (a) AB; (b) ADB; (c) ACB; and (d) ADCB. `
The insulated cylinder shown below is closed at both ends and contains an insulating piston that is flee to move on frictionless bearings. The piston divides the chamber into two compartments containing gases A and B. Originally, each compartment has a volume of 5.0102 m3 and contains a monatomic ideal gas at a temperature of and a pressure of 1.0 atm. (a) How many moles of gas are in each compartment? (b) Heat Q is slowly added to A so that it expands and B is compressed until the pressure of both gases is 3.0 atm. Use the fact that the compression of B is adiabatic to determine the final volume of both gases. (c) What are their final temperatures? (d) What is the value of Q?
A 2.00-mol sample of a diatomic ideal gas expands slowly and adiabatically from a pressure of 5.00 atm and a volume of 12.0 L to a final volume of 30.0 L. (a) What is the final pressure of the gas? (b) What are the initial and final temperatures? Find (c) Q, (d) Eint, and (e) W for the gas during this process.
An ideal gas with specific heat ratio confined to a cylinder is put through a closed cycle. Initially, the gas is at Pi, Vi, and Ti. First, its pressure is tripled under constant volume. It then expands adiabatically to its original pressure and finally is compressed isobarically to its original volume. (a) Draw a PV diagram of this cycle. (b) Determine the volume at the end of the adiabatic expansion. Find (c) the temperature of the gas at the start of the adiabatic expansion and (d) the temperature at the end of the cycle. (e) What was the net work done on the gas for this cycle?
(a) It is difficult to extinguish a fire on a crude oil tanker, because each liter of crude oil releases 2.80107 J of energy when burned. To illustrate this difficulty, calculate the number of liters of water that must be expended to absorb the energy released by burning 1.00 L of crude oil, if the water's temperature rises from 20.0 C to 100 C, it boils, and the resulting steam's temperature rises to 300 C at constant pressure. (b) Discuss additional complications caused by the fact that crude oil is less dense than water.
Consider a gas filling two connected chambers that are separated by a removable barrier (Fig. P20.68). The gas molecules on the left (red) are initially at a higher temperature than the ones on the right (blue). When the barrier between the two chambers is removed, the molecules begin to mix and move from one chamber to the other. a. Describe what happens to the temperature in the left chamber and in the right chamber as time goes on, once the barrier is open. Discuss in terms of the mixing of the molecules from each gas. b. Describe what happens to the most probable speed and average speed in the left chamber and in the right chamber as time goes on, once the barrier is open. Do they increase or decrease by the same factor? Explain. FIGURE P20.68 Problems 68 and 69.
Figure P22.73 illustrates the cycle ABCA for a 2.00-mol sample of an ideal diatomic gas, where the process CA is a reversible isothermal expansion. What is a. the net work done by the gas during one cycle? b. How much energy is added to the gas by heat during one cycle? c. How much energy is exhausted from the gas by heat during one cycle? d. What is the efficiency of the cycle? e. What would be the efficiency of a Carnot engine operated between the temperatures at points A and B during each cycle?
(a) On a winter day, a certain house loses 5.00108J of heat to the outside (about 500,000 Btu). What is the total change in entropy due to this heat transfer alone, assuming an average indoor temperature of 21.0C and an average outdoor temperature of 5.00C ? (b) This large change in entropy implies a large amount of energy has become unavailable to do work. Where do we find more energy when such energy is lost to us?

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