How do processes for separating extracellular and intracellular bioproducts differ?

Q: What is the major difference between macronutrients and micronutrients?

A: Nutrients are the energy-giving substance that helps us to live, grow, and reproduce. The study of…

Q: What term do we use to describe the by-product that results when a chemical is metabolized in a…

A: The chemical substances that are administered into the body of patients primarily for improving…

Q: What is the significance of thermotolerant E. coli? How did we use temperature to help select for…

A: The phrase "total coliforms" refers to a vast group of Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria with a…

Q: What is deamination and why does it occur?

A: Amino acids are the molecules that makes up the protein. Amino acids are the organic compounds that…

Q: What are the key physical and chemical parameters that must be controlled in a fermenter?

A: Fermentation is the process of incomplete oxidation of substrates in absence of oxygen or under the…

Q: How can one determine the specificity of a Substrate Concentration?

A: The specificity of an enzyme for its substrate is the efficiency with which it selects the correct…

Q: What is biopatent?

A: A patent is a legacy of protection that is given for an invention. The patent is the provided by the…

Q: How does food become compromised by microbes?

A:

Q: Explain how osmotic pressure and pH are used in preserving foods. What effects do they have on…

A: The microbes play important role in the food technology and food manufacturing industry. They can…

Q: What are bioreactors?

A: Large-scale production of organic substances such as antibiotics, hormones, vitamins, acids,…

Q: What is nitrogen metabolism?

A: Metabolism is the series of biochemical reactions which change metabolic substrates into products to…

Q: How does pH negatively affect the metabolism of microorganisms?

A: The term pH indicates the hydrogen ion concentration that affects the growth of microbes. Each…

Q: What is the units of elimination capacity of a biofilter?

A: Biofilters and bio scrubbers are the oldest bioremediation techniques used to treat air. During…

Q: What is an anaerobic mechanism?

A: There are two main ways to carry all the reactions occurring in the body or even outside of the…

Q: What are the effects of temperature, and pH on microbial growth?

A: Living organisms grow and reproduce. When microbes are provided with sufficient nutrients and…

Q: What is Degradation?

A: Degradation is a process of decaying of organic matter. It is carried out by microrganisms. It is…

Q: What products are produced in a bioreactor?

A: Bioreactor can be definition as the a large steel  vessel which is used to carry our the reaction…

Q: List the major or macro essential elements. Why are they called that?

A: The fundamental components (or basic supplements) are compound components that are totally required…

Q: Which Metabolic Pathways Allow Organismsto Live on Inorganic Forms of Nitrogen?

A: Nitrogen is one out of four elements that very important to life. In other to reach the ammonium…

Q: What criteria are used to distinguish macronutrients from micronutrients?

A: The biochemical and physiological mechanism whereby an organism utilizes food to sustain its…

Q: What are outside raw materials used for by an organism?

A: All living organisms require energy for growth, locomotion, reproduction, and movement. They acquire…

Q: Are some essential elements more important thanothers? Explain.

A: Essential elements are elements that are required by the plants for their survival. There are total…

Q: What is deamination?

A: The biomolecules are the structural and functional unit of the living system. The four types of…

Q: Which bacteria fixes co2 into carbohydrates?

A: Bacteria are the living microorganisms. Some bacteria are unfavorable to humans, but some also play…

Q: Where do nitrogenous wastes come from?

A: The nitrogenous wastes are the type of wastes that contain nitrogen in the molecule. there are…

Q: What is a major metabolic pathway?

A: The metabolic processes aid in the growth and reproduction of living creatures as well as the…

Q: What is narrow spectrum of microbial activity?

A: Microbial activity is the antimicrobial activity in which microbes are killed by a certain chemical.…

Q: What are nitrogen wastes?

A: Several substances are released during metabolic processes like cellular respiration. Some…

Q: for which purpose nitrogen is used?

A: Nitrogen is the chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7. It is a nonmetallic element…

Q: What are cofactors and coenzymes and what are their importance?

A: The biocatalyst which catalyzes all the biochemical events in a cell is called an enzyme. Enzymes…

Q: In what ways can CO2 inhibit microbial growth?

A: Microbial growth is the proliferation of microorganisms in conditions that support the growth of the…

Q: what are the pros and cons of biogenesis?

A: The generation of new living entities is referred to as biogenesis. Biogenesis is a concept credited…

Q: What is an apoenzyme?

A: Enzymes are protein molecules that function as catalysts in biological processes, increasing the…

Q: Why do cells metabolize carbohydrates?

A: Energy is essential for the efficient working of the body. Animals take energy from food and food is…

Q: How Is Metabolism Integrated in a MulticellularOrganism?

A: The role of chromatin structure in the development of multicellular organisms The structure of the…

Q: What is a biodigester?

A: Decomposition is the process by which dead organic substances are broken down into simpler organic…

Q: What Is the Metabolic Fate of Ammonium?

A: Ammonia is a toxic product that is synthesized in the body through various pathways. Ammonia is also…

Q: Is spontaneous generation of microbial life possible? What causes fermentation? What causes disease?…

A: Spontaneous generation is considered an ideology or hypothesis, which states that the living…

Q: Why would proteins be degraded?

A: Proteins are the sequences of amino acids in which different amino acids are joined by the formation…

Q: What is produced using organisms in a bioreactor?

A: The researchers intend to keep the organisms preserved for future studies and discoveries. These…

Q: How does a microbial fuel cell work?

A: The need for clean, renewable energy resources is increasing as the reserves of non-renewable energy…

Q: What are the microbial processes?

A: The question asks about the microbial processes.

Q: What are the major molecules used to excrete nitrogen? And what are the seven metabolic products…

A: Nitrogenous waste products are generated by the breakdown of proteins in the cells. Amino acids are…

Q: What are the food items which are produced by bioprocess engineering?

A: The bioprocess engineers develop and manage equipments and systems which process and distribute food…

Q: Which chemicals are useful for energy storage on a short-term basis? Which are for intermediate term…

A: Energy is needed for all living organisms for their activity and the energy is obtained from the…

Q: What considerations should be made to safely thaw frozen foods for later consumption?

A: Preservation is a process through which the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms is…

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.