How does the immune response to yearly flu differ from that of the avian flu? How does this relate to the characteristics of infection with avian flu?

Q: Is there an alternative to vaccination in preventing influenza?

A: Influenza is caused by influenza viruses. Two types of influenza, A and B, cause outbreaks in…

Q: Which two viruses mainly infect the lower respiratory tract? A.Rhinovirus and influenza virus…

A:

Q: What are some of the stimuli that can trigger reactivation of a latent herpesvirus infection?…

A: A large family of viruses that are known to infect animals and cause blister formation along with…

Q: SARS is a disease that appeared in 2003 with epidemic features in the province of Guangdong, in east…

A: SARS is transmitted from an animal to other animals and humans. The epidemic affected around 26…

Q: For which disease are active and passive immunization givensimultaneously?a. influenza b. yellow…

A: Active immunization refers to immunization by vaccination in which the body responds to antigens in…

Q: How is plague transmitted? Distinguish between bubonic and pneumonic plague.

A: Plague is basically an infectious disease, which is caused due to Yersinia pestis which is a…

Q: Which disease is caused by the bite of a mad dog?

A: Disease It is an abnormal condition of the structure and function of all parts of the organism. It…

Q: What is the symptom-free period of a disease called?

A: Producing only a few, mild symptoms, disease is paucisymptomatic. Symptoms appearing later, after an…

Q: What is the figure presents? What is the relation of this figure to human disease? What are the…

A: Atherosclerosis is a disease of the cardiovascular system. The condition may arise due to smoking,…

Q: Where did the Small pox originate? and What impact did it have on the individuals living in…

A: Before smallpox was destroyed, it was a significant irresistible infection brought about by the…

Q: How does the fact that Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a zoonosis relate to the relative severity of…

A: A classic metazoonosis is the disease known as Rocky mountain spotted fever (RMSF). This disease…

Q: What is African sleeping sickness? Explain the cause of African sleeping sickness ?

A: African sleeping sickness is caused by Trypanosoma brucei. African sleeping sickness is caused by a…

Q: What are blood born pathogens and how can it be prevented

A: Disease-causing microorganisms are pathogens.

Q: What genetic differences make some individuals more and some less susceptible to malaria ?

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: how has coronavirus affected food and hunger?

A: In order to survive the human beings' basic requirements of food, shelter, water, clothing, and air…

Q: How can one virus cause both chickenpox andshingles?

A: Step 1 The virus is an ultramicroscopic nucleoprotein entity that becomes active only inside a…

Q: Part A) What barrier was breached by the pathogen? Part B) Describe how that barrier works and how…

A: During pregnancy maternal infections also known as prenatal infections. Maternal infections can…

Q: Describe the life cycle of the blood fluke? How and why do the male and female blood fluke differ in…

A: Phylum lophotrochozoa involves organisms having a lophore; a specialized tentacle structure, and…

Q: Why is it that most people get the chicken pox only once, but they can get a cold or the flu over…

A: The majority of people who have had chickenpox are immune for the remainder of their lives. The…

Q: What is the Name of the cycle of latent infectious such as chicken pox or cold sores, which hang out…

A: A virus is a sub microscopic particle that is infectious in nature. It shows characteristics of a…

Q: Which are true regarding tick-borne bacterial diseases? Select all that apply. - One example is the…

A: Tick borne diseases, that affect the human and other animals, are caused by pathogens transmitted…

Q: What is the cause of malaria? Why does the presence of sickle cell trait confer resistance to some…

A: Malaria is caused by Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium falciparum. The organism completes its life…

Q: a. Explain the general relationships of the vector, the reservoir, andthe agent of infection. b. Can…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: How does bat migration influence the spread of Ebola.

A: Ebola is a virus that affects the blood clotting ability. The virus is called a hemorrhagic fever…

Q: What is cause of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in humans ?

A: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is defined as a rapidly progressive, neurodegenerative, and fatal…

Q: Which diseases is caused by the bite of a mad dog?

A: The medical name for rabies is hydrophobia which means fear of water.

Q: What are some of the main differences between common cold and flu symptoms?

A: Flu is also called as influenza and is caused by influenza virus. It affects the nose, throat and…

Q: How is HIV transmitted?What is the disease caused bythis virus?

A: Viruses are microscopic agents that can replicate only inside the host cells. They can infect all…

Q: n the ancient world, leprosy was greatly feared, and people with the disease were often ostracized…

A: Leprosy is a bacterial disorder which affects the skin, respiratory tract, and nerves. It is a…

Q: What role does the spleen play during a malaria infection? How does this contribute to some of the…

A: Malaria is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the Plasmodium group. It is characterised by a…

Q: Which disease is known as 'silent killer'?

A: The cardiovascular system consists of muscular pumping organ called as heart and a closed system of…

Q: Why is the treatment for pre exposure rabies different from the treatment of post exposure rabies ?

A: Rabies is a deadly virus spread to people from the saliva of infected animals. This virus  is…

Q: What are H and N spikes and how do they affect immunity in relation to the flue and why is it…

A: Common cold or flu is a viral infection that is transmitted through the air from person-to-person.…

Q: Why is ingest allergies often more severe and more dangerous than inhaled allergies

A:

Q: How might the occurrence of sickle cell anemia change if anti-malaria drugs and preventative…

A: Sickle cell anemia is a condition where the shape of RBC changes from normal biconcave to…

Q: What correlation did Dr. Tony Allison find between sickle cell disease and malaria?

A: Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder in which RBC /erythrocyte/blood cell…

Q: what is the mechanism by which crocodiles and alligators are able to fiercely resist infections?

A: Immune response is how the body protects itself from substances it perceives as dangerous or…

Q: How are chickenpox and herpes zoster related?

A: Chicken pox is the infection in which rashes develop which are quite itchy in nature, while herpes…

Q: What is an inclusion body? Why is it important in the diagnosis of viral infections? For example,…

A: When a virus or any other disease-causing agent enters into a host cell such as a bacterial cell or…

Q: . Explain how smallpox is transmitted and how its hallmark sign is produced in skin. When was…

A: Smallpox:It an acute and contagious viral disease. It occurs with fever and the pustules. These…

Q: What symptoms might a person have when infected with influenza A? influenza B? influenza C?

A: Influenza virus causes the infectious disease called flu. There are three different flu viruses that…

Q: How long does it take to develop symptoms of influenza after being exposed?

A: Influenza is a viral disease caused by influenza viruses specifically influenza A and influenza B.…

Q: What kind of viruses cause the formation of warts? Describe the formation of venereal warts and a…

A: Viruses are infectious agents. They can only replicate inside the living cells. Viruses can infect…

Q: Describe tetanus. What causes this illness, and how is it transmitted? What does it do to the human…

A: An infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their…

Q: What is the sign of swine flu in pigs

A: Swine flu commonly infects the respiratory tract of pigs and is hence known as swine flu. It can be…

Q: How do macrophages and neutrophils "eat" bacteria? Describe the steps of this process

A: Animal physiology is the systematic study of the supporting features, roles, and processes of…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.