Identify the mechanism of folic acid and describe. Types include oral, parental( intravenous, intra musclar, subcutaneous), nasal, ocular, transmucosal and transdermal.

Q: Give the mode of action for Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin, and Streptomycin.

A: A protein synthesis inhibitor is a compound that stops or slows the growth or proliferation of cells…

Q: Explain why the effects of Botox are short term.

A: Botox is a term given to Botulinum toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum and its other species. It…

Q: describe the preformulation of tablets and capsules?

A: Preformulation It is defined as the phase of research and development in which performulation…

Q: Explain the structural and functional changes in the crohn disease process that led to patient's…

A: Crohn disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in which young adults characterized by…

Q: Define anoxygenic

A: Anoxygenic is described as a process in which oxygen is not involved as a reactant and is not…

Q: Why should LD50 always be greater than ED50 ?

A: LD50 or median lethal dose is the amount of any radiation, pathogen, or toxin that proves lethal to…

Q: Describe refsum's disease

A: Genetic disease occurs due to the mutation in one or more than one gene.

Q: Explain Clinical Application of Fick’s Law?

A: Fick's Law basically expresses that the rate of dispersion of a gas over a penetrable membrane is…

Q: List two possible complications of intraocular gas injection?

A: Intraocular gas injection is given in the eyes during ophthalmic surgeries for example in…

Q: Compare the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia and their related treatment

A: Diabetes is a metabolic condition caused by the pancreas' inability to produce insulin, as well as…

Q: Define the role of oligodendrocyte ?

A: Oligodendrocyte, a type of neuroglia found in the central nervous system of invertebrates and…

Q: Explain three specific causes of vomiting; include a varietyof factors.

A: The forceful expulsion of the gastric contents of the stomach is called vomiting. It is not a…

Q: What clinical findings are associated with hyperglycemia, and how do they differ from those of…

A: Diabetes is diseases characterized by high blood sugar level due to insulin deficiency or increased…

Q: Define about Metabolic alkalosis ?

A: An alkali is a substance which produces hydroxide ions (-OH) when it is dissolved in water. The pH…

Q: Differentiate hyperkalemia and hypokalemia. Give 5 causes of each disorder.

A: Normal blood potassium level is normally 3.6 to 5.2 millimoles per liter (mmol/L). Hypokalemia is…

Q: Define the term d thyroglobulin?

A: Iodine is an element which is most for the animals as it is required for the production of the…

Q: Define the term Radiotracers?

A: Medical imaging is a technique that refers to various processes and techniques to create images of…

Q: Diagnosis of hypo and hypervitaminosis of vitamin B6 and its causes?

A: Pyridoxal 5’ phosphate (PLP) is the active coenzyme form of vitamin B6. Vitamin B6 is a…

Q: What does deglutition mean?

A: Muscle is a bundle of tissue fibers located in the human body and higher organisms. It has the…

Q: (c) Discuss the mechanism of action of the enzyme chymotrypsin.

A: Chymotrypsin is a protease enzyme that aids in the digestion of proteins. Chymotrypsin is a protein…

Q: Explain the term jaundice

A: Blood is a fluid tissue that is found throughout the body and is composed of four main components…

Q: Define about Orotic aciduria?

A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that enhance the speed of a reaction. This is performed by lowering…

Q: State the final form in which carbohydrate and protein areabsorbed into the blood.

A: Nutrients are components needed for the growth and sustenance of the body. It is either required in…

Q: Explain why healing could be delayed in individuals takingglucocorticoids over a long period of…

A: Glucocorticoids are a type of steroid hormone that belongs to the corticosteroids family.…

Q: Explain the term jaundice

A: We know that Blood is a fluid tissue that is found throughout the body and is composed of four main…

Q: Define the following terms: a. chylomicron remnant b. hypertriglyceridemia c. glyceroneogenesis d.…

A: Lipids are molecules that contain hydrocarbons and make up the structure and function of living…

Q: Why in infants idiopathic hypercalcemia occurs?

A: Hypercalcemia is a condition in which there occurs excess calcium in the serum of affected person.…

Q: Describe the causes of hyperglycemia.

A: Hyperglycemia is a term that represents high blood sugar levels. There are many causes of…

Q: explain in brief about mucopolysaccharidosis .

A: Mucopolysaccharidosis is lysosomal storage disease which occurs due to accumulation of lysosomes in…

Q: Describe and explain the loss of consciousness that occurswith: (1) hypoglycemia, and (2) diabetic…

A: Diabetes mellitus Untreated diabetes affects many organs such as heart, blood vessels, kidney, eyes,…

Q: What is the pathophysiology of Alkaptonuria and which enzyme is deficient ?

A: A heritable genetic change in the genetic material of an organism that gives rise to alternate…

Q: Explain why persistent edema in a leg could causeweakness and skin breakdown.

A: Edema Edema is also known as swelling or puffiness caused by excess fluid trap in the body tissue.…

Q: Demonstrate the correct use of nonpharmacologicpain relief measures.

A: Integrating complementary therapies in a pain management program can ease chronic pain and decrease…

Q: Identify three pathologic causes of DIC, and describe the manifestations associated with DIC.

A: In this question asked about causes and manifestations of DIC.  DIC is dissseminated intravascular…

Q: Write the clinical features of mucopolysaccharidosis

A: Mucopolysaccharides are also known as heteropolysaccharide and their accumulation in the body is…

Q: Discuss the common effects of immobility on appetite,bowel function, and urinary function.

A: The inability to move is defined as immobility.A restriction imposed at a single joint or joints as…

Q: Explain how protein-calorie malnutrition results in ascites.

A: Protein deficit is a dietary issue linked to ascites formation. Ascites, or a buildup of abdominal…

Q: Explain The Danger of Antifreeze?

A: Antifreeze or coolants are toxic liquids that are used in automobile radiators which are used to…

Q: Explain how chronic bleeding leads to iron deficiencyanemia.

A: Anemia:A disease condition that arises because of a deficiency of healthy red blood cells. This…

Q: Give a reason for the toxicity that can be caused by overdoses of lipid-soluble vitamins.

A: Introduction: Those biomolecules that are needed in a small amount for proper growth and development…

Q: Enlist the disorders associated with hyperuricemia and hypouricemia.

A: Uric acid:It is a waste product present in our blood and it is formed when our body breaks start to…

Q: The warning signs of preeclampsia include: O a. high blood glucose, ketones in the urine, and…

A: Note: Hi. Since you have asked many questions we will answer the first question. If you want…

Q: Identify at least three factors that affect the bioavailability of minerals and explain how.

A: The bioavailability of minerals is described as the proportion of minerals present in the ingested…

Q: Describe different modes of absorption and distribution of toxicants in the body.

A: Toxicants: These are toxic substances. These can be poisonous. These may occur: -man-made  or maybe…

Clinical Pharmacology

Pharmacology is a discipline of medicine that studies how medications interact with the systems and processes of living organisms, focusing on drug action mechanisms as well as therapeutic and other purposes.