if gametes from a gene pool combine randomly to make only a small number of zygotes, the allele frequencies among the zygotes may be quite different than they are in the gene pool, why? (choose one from below) 1. the effects of natural selection are more pronounced in small populations 2.changed in allele frequencies over many generations are inevitable with sexual reproduction 3. alleles combine more randomly with a small number of zygotes 4. the effects of sampling error are more pronounced with smaller samples

What would happen if a mutation created a new allele that decreased fitness? *       The new allele would have to change back to an allele of higher fitness so the possessor of that allele could maintain its fitness. The individual with the new allele would wait for an environmental change so that its fitness would increase again No answer The new allele would decrease the fitness of the individual that possessed it, and that individual would have few or no offspring The new allele would spread through the population and decrease the fitness of that population

Which of the following statements is true about certainty of paternity?   Question 12 options:   Certainty of paternity is low when egg laying and mating occur together, as in external fertilisation.   Certainty of paternity is high in most species with internal fertilisation because the acts of mating and birth are separated by time.   Certainty of paternity is low when males guard females they have mated.       Paternal behaviour exists because it has been reinforced over generations by natural selection

In New Zealand you begin to study the relationship between snails and their trematode parasites.  You found that the parasites cause cyclical patterns of selection on the snail populations, and vice a versa, such that snails with rare genotypes typically survive better compared to those that have more common genotypes.  In the ten years you’ve been sampling, you notice that the two alleles cycle between being rare and common from year to year. What pattern of selection did you observe?   a. selection against the dominant allele   b. selection against the recessive allele   c. frequency-dependent selection   d. overdominance

Does gene flow cause allele frequences to change or remain the same? I need help answering this question.

Consider the roles of different types of selective pressure. Part A: Compare and contrast sexual selection, artificial selection, and natural selection. Part B: Give examples of traits that may be favored in sexual selection, artificial selection, and natural selection. For each, explain if the trait would be favored by one type of selection but selected against by another type of selection. BI 1000 MacBook Air O00 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 $ % & * 2 3 4 6.

a) Name and define the evolutionary processes that cause change in allele frequencies acrossgenerations. b) Describe how each process is expected to change allele frequencies across generations,including the following terms as appropriate:- genome-wide effects, loci-specific effects advantageous, deleterious, neutral- population size- speed of evolutionary change

A new species of snail was discovered. Your initial population genetics survey found that fA:0.48. To determine the primary mode of reproduction you survey the population again in one generation. You collect 100 individuals in the next generation. The composition of your collection is AA=38, Aa=20, aa=42. What is the primary mode of reproduction?   a. random mating   b. not enough information to determine   c. nonrandom mating due to inbreeding

The behavior of chromosomes during meiosis and subsequent fertilization is responsible for most of the variation that arises in each generation. Which of these processes is included in that variation? 1. Metaphase chromosomal assortment in mitosis 2. Crossing over of replicated homologues from each parent in meiosis 3. Hybridization of random fertilization during cross breeding two species 4. Range expansion of populations 5. All of the above are true

Here C has 2 alleles C1 and C2 and same with D allele. C1D1 are the haplotypes for both of the populations:   C1 D1 C1D1     First Population 0.3 0.5 0.45 Second Population 0.5 0.2 0.15   1. find the linkage disequilibrium between C and D in first and second population 2. does first population has fewer or mare haplotypes than expected 3. Cosider the recombinantion fraction as 0.1. How many generation will linkage disequilibrium in first population take to be equal to the current value in second population