If the distance from a radioactive source is * halved (d' = d/2), then the dose will increase by a factor of 2 O increase by a factor of 4 decrease by a factor of 2 O decrease by a factor of 4 In which phase, are the cells most sensitive * to radiation? synthesis phase (S) first growth phase (G1) O the sensitivity is not related to the phase cell division phase (or mitosis M)

If the distance from a radioactive source is * halved (d' = d/2), then the dose will increase by a factor of 2 O increase by a factor of 4 decrease by a factor of 2 O decrease by a factor of 4 In which phase, are the cells most sensitive * to radiation? synthesis phase (S) first growth phase (G1) O the sensitivity is not related to the phase cell division phase (or mitosis M)

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter5: Membranes And Transport

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ITD: Some cancer cells are insensitive to typical chemotherapy. Research into the mechanisms underlying...

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Matrix-digesting enzymes are sometimes produced by cancer cells to digest the tissue surrounding the tumor, allowing it to grow and spread. In solid tumors, the enzymes are produced only by the cells on the surface of the tumor. Suppose the diameter of a spherical tumor is growing at a rate of g mm\year.(a) What is the diameter d of the tumor as a function of time?(b) Suppose the rate of enzyme production P is proportional to the surface area of the tumor S. Find P o S o d and interpret it.
f you are growing mammalian cells in culture that are in G0, which of the following would you add to the cell culture media to stimulate them to leave G0 and enter the cell cycle? A. growth factors or other growth stimulatory molecules B. Taq polymerase C. Tau D. BrdU E. Na+ ions
Malignant tumor cells are characterized by all of the following properties except: A. loss of density-dependent (contact) inhibition B. reliance on aerobic respiration C. reduced dependence on aerobic respiration D. loss of anchorage dependence E. gain of unlimited proliferative potential
One important biological effect of a large dose of ionizing radiation is to halt cell division. How does this occur?
A experiment in which cancer cells were injected into the vein leading to the liver demonstrated: Select one: a. Very few cancer cells were trapped in the capillary bed of the liver b. Many cancer cells were trapped in the capillary bed but most of them were not able to escape the blood into the tissues. c. Most of the cancer cells were trapped in the capillary bed but only a small percentage formed macrometastases d. Many cancer cells were trapped in the capillary bed and most of these became macrometastases.
One difference between cancer cells and normal cells is thatcancer cells(A) are unable to synthesize DNA.(B) are arrested at the S phase of the cell cycle.(C) continue to divide even when they are tightly packedtogether.(D) cannot function properly because they are affectedby density-dependent inhibition.
Which of the following statements is correct about the tropism of metastases (select all that apply)? A. A tumors tendency to metastasize to particular tissues reflects the tumors cells' ability to adapt to microenvironment within those tissues. B. Breast cancer most often metastasizes to bone C. Pancreatic cancer most often metastasize to the liver D. Colon cancer most often metastasizes to lung. E. The circulatory route strongly influences location of metastases
Applying Clinical Reasoning Kevin S. and his wife have been trying to have a baby for the past 3 years. On seeking the help of a fertility specialist, Kevin learned that he has a hereditary form of male sterility involving nonmotile sperm. His condition can be traced to defects in the cytoskeletal components of the sperms flagella. As a result of this finding, the physician suspected that Kevin also has a long history of recurrent respiratory tract disease. Kevin confirmed that indeed he has had colds, bronchitis, and influenza more frequently than his friends. Why would the physician suspect that Kevin probably had a history of frequent respiratory disease based on his diagnosis of sterility from nonmotile sperm?
Some cancer cells are insensitive to typical chemotherapy. Research into the mechanisms underlying this insensitivity uncovered an ability by these cells to pump the treatment drug out of the cell against its concentration gradient. Additional drugs have been developed that inhibit the pump, thus trapping the chemotherapeutic agent inside to promote cancer cell destruction. The Figure shows what happens when two types of cells are treated with a 3H-labeled anti-cancer drug, paclitaxel. Which set of cells (A or B) would be described as resistant to the cancer treatment? Explain your answer. What type of transport are the resistant cells using?
Cytokinesis in plant cells is different than cytokinesis in animal cells. a) Explain why it has to be different, andb) briefly describe the processes in the two different cell types.
A cell line always requires enzymatic dissociation before it can be distributed between new culture vessels. Is this true or false?
In the model proposed, which of these events MOST likely occurs to facilitate chemotaxis? A. Integrins anchor the cell to extracellular components. B. Motor proteins move actin toward the leading edge. C. Mitochondria migrate away from the leading edge D. Desmosomes anchor the cell to other cells