II. ILLUSTRATIONS. For each of the given proteins: . Draw the final location of the following proteins after being translocated. • Label the organelle (as well as the organelle parts/compartments) and the cytosol (if necessary) in order to clearly depict the protein's location and orientation. • Label the amino and carboxyl ends of the protein. Below your drawing, indicate: a. the receptor/s b. the energy source c. if there is signal peptide cleavage or none A. Chloroplast H₂N- *SS1 *SS2 -COOH *SS -signal sequence
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- Talk about a antibiotic that inhibits bacteria by inhibiting protein synthesis. Explain how these antibiotics interact with the protein synthesis machinery; what part of the protein synthesis machinery do they bind, and do all of these antibiotics bind to the same part of the machinery? How does this work to stop protein synthesis? Explain how it halts protein synthesis. Are these antibiotics bacteriostatic or bactericidal. Why and what does that mean for therapy?Briefly describe the process of protein making.include the functions of mRNA ,tRNA, and rRNA5) Consider the hypothetical biochemical pathway shown below. Assume that each letter (A, B, C, etc) represents a molecule and each number over an arrow (1, 2, 3, etc) represents an enzyme that catalyzes that reaction (so enzyme 2 catalyzes the conversion of B to C). Indicate all the probable feedback inhibition interactions that would be expected to regulate the activity of enzymes in this pathway. please indicate each interaction in the format example: "X will inhibit enzyme 27".
- Signal transduction pathway. Sketch a G protein in the active and inactive stages, and label its parts.PLEASE ANSWER ALL b) what is the function of the major RNA is it proteins synthesis? c) what is the primary source of all glucose, and why is it such an important monosaccharide?You need to include its molecular formula. d) when you react ammonia with a halogenated alkane will you get only one organic product? Why or why not? (do not talk about inorganic products) e) emulsifiers are pretty important compounds for daily life, externally and internally to us humans. Describes the two parts of an emulsifier molecule, and how most emulsifiers work and what they actually do. f) consider the ring structure of B-D glucose. it will give a positive test as a reducing sugar. Describe how that can happen in a pH=7 solution such as fehlings'?Which of the following statements about proteins is correct? a. Proteins are transported to the rough ER for use within the cell. b. Lipids and carbohydrates are added to proteins by the Golgi complex. c. Proteins are transported directly into the cytosol for secretion from the cell. d. Proteins that are to be stored by the cell are moved to the rough ER. e. Proteins are synthesized in vesicles.
- Mutations are when the genetic information of an organism changes, which may result in a change in the amino acid composition of a protein. Based upon your simulation (protein gel electrophoresis), explain how this could affect a protein that is found in the cytosol (saltwater part of the cell). How would this change if the protein were found in the cell membrane, which is mainly made of fatty acids?1/How can an inhibitor affect enzyme activity in a cell? 2/Outline glycolysis in terms of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. 3/ Cells can be broken and then centrifuged to separate organelles, such as mitochondria. If isolated mitchondria were then broken and centrifuged, the membranes would separate from the matrix. Knowing this, develop a hypothesis about the properties of either the matrix or the membranes. Clearly identify what you intend to discover and briefly outline how you would test your hypothesis.fill in the blanks The enzyme responsible for alpha 1,4-glycosidic linkage during glycogen synthesis is ( ) and alpha 1,6-glycosidic linkages are added using the ( ) enzyme.
- 6. Why is Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) considered “bad” cholesterol? A. Deliver fats made in liver to cells B. Remove cholesterol from the body and deliver to liver C.Carry digested fat through lymph to bloodstream D. Deposit cholesterol in walls of arteries 7. Which one of the following is/are a function (s) of cholesterol? A. Part of the cell plasma membrane B. Precursor for vitamin D synthesis C. Precursor for sex hormones D. All of the above 8. Which one of the following is /are types of lipids found in food and in your body? A. Sterols B. Phospholipids C. Triglycerides D. All of the above 9. True / False: Atherosclerosis is the ONLY risk factor associated with heart disease A. True B. False 10. Which one of the following carry digested fat through lymph into blood stream? A. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) B. High density lipoprotein (HDL) C. Chylomicrons D. Very Low Density lipoprotein (VLDL6. Why would the lack of lactase cause Carol so much distress? Where would the undigested lactose travel from the small intestine. a) what could the production of gas from the breakdown of sugar. 7) Are enzymes only important for digestion, as is the case with lactase? 8. Why would it be important to regulate the function of an enzyme at all? Please read the reading, and then answer the questions.1. What are two major similarities between protein synthesis in bacteria and eukaryotes? What aretwo major differences? 2. Is it reasonable to expect that protein degradation can take place at any location in a cell? 3. . In ubiquitination, chaperone can be part of the process. Explain the benefits of using chaperoneand differentiate the uses of chaperone and ubiquitin.