Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials cause what type of change at the post-synaptic membrane? Hyperpolarization Depolarization Decreased threshold No change
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- When action potentials arrive at a synapse between a neuron and another cell, they stimulate the release of molecules of a ________ that diffuse over to that cell.Stellate cells initially process sensory input to the cortex, whereas pyramidal cells send fibers from the cortex to terminate on efferent motor neurons. (True or false)Action potentials occur when ______. a. potassium gates close b. a stimulus pushes membrane potential to threshold c. sodium-potassium pumps become active d. neurotransmitter is reabsorbed
- A neuron responds to adequate stimulation with _______, a type of self-propagating signal.Figure 35.11 Potassium channel blockers, such as amiodarone and procainamide, which are used to treat abnormal electrical activity in the heart, called cardiac dysrhythmia, impede the movement of K+ through voltage-gated K+ channels. Which part of the action potential would you expect potassium channels to affect?A _______________ is a drug that causes temporary paralysis by blocking the transmis- sion of nerve stimuli to the muscles. neuromuscular blocker skeletal muscle relaxant
- All of the following are directly involved in synaptic transmission excepta. voltage-sensitive ion channels on the postsynaptic membraneb. chemical-sensitive ion channels on the postsynaptic membranec. Ca2+d. neurotransmittersWhich of the following is the most direct result of depolarizingthe presynaptic membrane of an axon terminal?(A) Voltage-gated calcium channels in the membrane open.(B) Synaptic vesicles fuse with the membrane.(C) Ligand-gated channels open, allowing neurotransmittersto enter the synaptic cleft.(D) An EPSP or IPSP is generated in the postsynaptic cell.For a neuron to fire an action potential, its membranemust reach ________.a. hyperpolarizationb. the threshold of excitationc. the refractory periodd. inhibitory postsynaptic potential
- When EPSP and IPSP occur simultaneously the postsynaptic membrane :-a- becomes depolarizedb- becomes hyperpolarizedc- initiates an action potentiald- shows potential changes that depend upon the summation of their effectsNeurotransmitters are released from neurons due to the opening of ____________. Select one: a. voltage gated Na channels b. voltage gated K channels c. voltage gated Ca channles d. voltage gated Cl channels e. voltage gated proton channelsAn ____ neurotransmitter causes ____ of the postsynaptic membrane.a. inhibitory . . . depolarizationb.excitatory . . . depolarizationc. inhibitory . . . hyperpolarizationd. Both (b) and (c) are correct.