Describe the use of simple paths to determine the change in these by more complicated paths (ie burning sugar to CO2 and H2O can be used to determine the change in enthalpy of the conversion of sugar to CO2 and H2O by the more complicated processes of glycolysis, CAC and oxidative phosphorylation).
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Describe the use of simple paths to determine the change in these by more complicated paths (ie burning sugar to CO2 and H2O can be used to determine the change in enthalpy of the conversion of sugar to CO2 and H2O by the more complicated processes of glycolysis, CAC and oxidative phosphorylation).
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- Outline a metabolic pathway for the metabolism of two aspartic acids to CO2 and Urea.What is the net yield of ATP equivalents?Identify where sugar oxidation, substrate-level phosphorylation, and the reduction of NAS+ occurs in glycolysisOutline a metabolic pathway for the metabolism of two aspartic acids to CO2 and Urea. What is the net yield of ATP equilvalents?
- Briefly describe the fate of pyruvate in metabolism under anaerobic versus aerobic conditions.Determine whether the following statements are true or false:- a) The pentose phosphate pathway of glucose conversion is a supplier of NADPH (H +) for reductive syntheses. b) An overdose of insulin causes hypoglycemia in a patient with diabetes mellitus. c) Fructose-6-phosphate is an allosteric regulator of glycolysis.Explain the fate of each carbon during the completeaerobic metabolism of glucose.
- List the three different routes to catabolize glucose to Why is it necessary to start by spending one or two molecules of ATP? Why are glucose catabolism pathways ubiquitous, even in bacterial habitats where glucose is scarce? Give several Summarize the Krebs TCA cycle; list the substrates, and products.Outline the chemical reactions involved in the process of metabolism of one molecule of glucose until it is reduced to its by-products, carbon dioxide and water molecules, with ATP molecules produced in the process. Mention the specific locations in the cell where these chemical reactions involved in glucose metabolism take placeIn the Cori cycle, the lactate product of glycolysis in muscle is transformedback into glucose by the liver. (a) List the enzymes involved in the lactate → glucose pathway. (b) What is the net gain/loss of ATP for one round of the Cori cycle (glucose → lactate → glucose)?
- Identify all of the inputs and outputs for glycolysis, krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. What are the regulatory steps of these pathways and what do the key regulatory enzymes control? What compounds inhibit/activate these enzymes?Explain in detail of the process of cellular respiration, including all the stages of cellular respiration (glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation) and explain the substrate and product of each pathway. And make a table of the products formed at the end of glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (ATPs, NADHs, water, and carbon dioxide). Then discuss about oxidation-reduction of various molecules that are a part of these pathways.With the aid of diagrams and equations, explain the biochemical processes involved in each of the following, in named cells. Start by mentioning the purpose and site of securrence of each. Go in details please. (a) Glucose-alanine cycle. (b) Oxidative phosphorylation.