(III) Figure 20-17 is a PV diagram for a reversible heat engine in which 1.0 mol of argon, a nearly ideal monatomic gas, is initially at STP (point a). Points b and c are on an isotherm at T = 423 K. Process ab is at constant volume, process ac at constant pressure. (a) Is the path of the cycle carried out clockwise or counterclockwise? (b) What is the efficiency of this engine? aldizzoq 2200 b Add N 2 P 0 T=423 K V intaneri

(III) Figure 20-17 is a PV diagram for a reversible heat engine in which 1.0 mol of argon, a nearly ideal monatomic gas, is initially at STP (point a). Points b and c are on an isotherm at T = 423 K. Process ab is at constant volume, process ac at constant pressure. (a) Is the path of the cycle carried out clockwise or counterclockwise? (b) What is the efficiency of this engine? aldizzoq 2200 b Add N 2 P 0 T=423 K V intaneri

Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text

5th Edition

ISBN:9781133104261

Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Chapter18: Heat Engines, Entropy, And The Second Law Of Thermodynamics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16P

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

A gun is a heat engine. In particular, it is an internal combustion piston engine that does not operate in a cycle, but comes apart during its adiabatic expansion process. A certain gun consists of 1.80 kg of iron. It fires one 2.40-g bullet at 320 m/s with an energy efficiency of 1.10%. Assume the body of the gun absorbs all the energy exhaustthe other 98.9%and increases uniformly in temperature for a short time interval before it loses any energy by heat into the environment. Find its temperature increase.
There is no change in the internal of an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal process since the internal energy depends only on the temperature. Is it therefore correct to say that an isothermal process is the same as an adiabatic process for an ideal gas? Explain your answer. `
Compare the charge in internal energy of an ideal gas for a quasi-static adiabatic expansion with that for a quasi-static isothermal expansion. What happens to the temperature of an ideal gas in an adiabatic expansion?
Two moles of a monatomic ideal gas such as helium is compressed adiabatically and reversibly from a state (3 atm, 5 L) to a state with pressure 4 atm. (a) Find the volume and temperature of the final state. (b) Find the temperature of the initial state of the gas. (c) Find the work done by the gas in the process. (d) Find the change in internal energy of the gas in the process.
In a diesel engine, the fuel is ignited without a spark plug. Instead, air in a cylinder is compressed adiabatically to a temperature above the ignition temperature of the fuel; at the point of maximum compression, the fuel is injected into the cylinder. Suppose that air at 20 C is taken into the cylinder at a volume V1 and then compressed adiabatically and quasi-statically to a temperature of 600 C and a volume V2 . If =1.4 , what is the ratio V1/V2 ? (Note: static. In an operating diesel engine, the compression is not quasi-
A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal gas ( = 1.40) is carried through the Carnot cycle described in Figure 22.11. At point A, the pressure is 25.0 atm and the temperature is 600 K. At point C, the pressure is 1.00 atm and the temperature is 400 K. (a) Determine the pressures and volumes at points A, B, C, and D. (b) Calculate the net work done per cycle.
Review. This problem complements Problem 44 in Chapter 10. In the operation of a single-cylinder internal combustion piston engine, one charge of fuel explodes to drive the piston outward in the power stroke. Part of its energy output is stored in a turning flywheel. This energy is then used to push the piston inward to compress the next charge of fuel and air. In this compression process, assume an original volume of 0.120 L of a diatomic ideal gas at atmospheric pressure is compressed adiabatically to one-eighth of its original volume. (a) Find the work input required to compress the gas. (b) Assume the flywheel is a solid disk of mass 5.10 kg and radius 8.50 cm, turning freely without friction between the power stroke and the compression stroke. How fast must the flywheel turn immediately after the power stroke? This situation represents the minimum angular speed at which the engine can operate without stalling. (c) When the engines operation is well above the point of stalling, assume the flywheel puts 5.00% of its maximum energy into compressing the next charge of fuel and air. Find its maximum angular speed in this case.
An ice tray contains 500 g of liquid water at 0C. Calculate the change in entropy of the water as it freezes slowly and completely at 0C.
Two moles of a monatomic ideal gas such as oxygen is compressed adiabatically and reversibly from a state (3 atm, 5 L) to a state with a pressure of 4 atm. (a) Find the volume and temperature of the final state. (b) Find the temperature of the initial state. (c) Find work done by the gas in the process. (d) Find the change in internal energy in the process. Assume Cv=5R and Cp=Cv+R for the diatomic ideal gas in the conditions given.
We ordinarily say that U=0 for an isothermal process. Does this assume no phase change takes place? Explain your answer.