In the book Business Research Methods (5th ed.), Donald R. Cooper and C. William Emory discuss studying the relationship between on-the-job accidents and smoking. Cooper and Emory describe the study as follows: Suppose a manager implementing a smoke-free workplace policy is interested in whether smoking affects worker accidents. Since the company has complete reports of on-the-job accidents, she draws a sample of names of workers who were involved in accidents during the last year. A similar sample from among workers who had no reported accidents in the last year is drawn. She interviews members of both groups to determine if they are smokers or not. The sample results are given in the following table. On-the-Job Accident Smoker Yes No Row Total Heavy 12 5 17 Moderate 9 10 19 Nonsmoker 13 17 30 Column total 34 32 66 Expected counts are below observed counts Accident No Accident Total Heavy 12 5 17 8.76 8.24 Moderate 9 10 19 9.79 9.21 Nonsmoker 13 17 30 15.45 14.55 Total 34 32 66 Chi-Sq = 3.41, DF = 2, P-Value = 0.182 (a) For each row and column total in the above table, find the corresponding row/column percentage. (Round your answers to 2 decimal places.) (b) For each cell in the above table, find the corresponding cell, row, and column percentages. (Round your answers to 2 decimal places.) (c) Use the Minitab output in the above to test the hypothesis that the incidence of on-the-job accidents is independent of smoking habits. Set α = .01. (d) Is there a difference in on-the-job accident occurrences between smokers and nonsmokers?
In the book Business Research Methods (5th ed.), Donald R. Cooper and C. William Emory discuss studying the relationship between on-the-job accidents and smoking. Cooper and Emory describe the study as follows:
Suppose a manager implementing a smoke-free workplace policy is interested in whether smoking affects worker accidents. Since the company has complete reports of on-the-job accidents, she draws a sample of names of workers who were involved in accidents during the last year. A similar sample from among workers who had no reported accidents in the last year is drawn. She interviews members of both groups to determine if they are smokers or not.
The sample results are given in the following table.
| On-the-Job Accident | ||||||
| Smoker | Yes | No | Row Total | |||
| Heavy | 12 | 5 | 17 | |||
| Moderate | 9 | 10 | 19 | |||
| Nonsmoker | 13 | 17 | 30 | |||
| Column total | 34 | 32 | 66 | |||
| Expected counts are below observed counts | ||||||
| Accident | No Accident | Total | ||||
| Heavy | 12 | 5 | 17 | |||
| 8.76 | 8.24 | |||||
| Moderate | 9 | 10 | 19 | |||
| 9.79 | 9.21 | |||||
| Nonsmoker | 13 | 17 | 30 | |||
| 15.45 | 14.55 | |||||
| Total | 34 | 32 | 66 | |||
| Chi-Sq = 3.41, DF = 2, P-Value = 0.182 | ||||||
(a) For each row and column total in the above table, find the corresponding row/column percentage. (Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
(b) For each cell in the above table, find the corresponding cell, row, and column percentages. (Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
(c) Use the Minitab output in the above to test the hypothesis that the incidence of on-the-job accidents is independent of smoking habits. Set α = .01.
(d) Is there a difference in on-the-job accident occurrences between smokers and nonsmokers?
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