In the dynamic model, there is a government that imposes lump-sum taxes on the household and spends. The consumption demand function in period 1 is CP = 0.2(Y1 + (Y2/R) – T1 – (T2/R)) - and the consumption demand function in period 2 is C2 = 0.8(RY1 + Y2 – RT1 – T2). We have Y1 = = 20, G2 = 12, R = 1.2. 100, Y2 = 180, Gı %3D If the government has a balanced budget each period, the equilibrium level of household consumption in period 1 equals 44. What is the equilibrium level of household consumption in period 1 if the government does not change its spending but it changes taxes so that it has a deficit instead of having a balanced budget in the first period? 44 100 120 80
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- No written by hand solution Suppose an imaginary closed economy is characterized by the following: C = c0 + c1 (Y − T) T = t0 + t1Y I = 300 G = 300 C is consumption, Y and YD are, respectively, income and disposable income, T is the level of taxes, and I and G, are, respectively, private investment, and government spending. c0 and c1 are, respectively, autonomous consumption and the marginal propensity to consume; their values are unknown. However, the expression for private saving, S, is as specified below, where s1 is the marginal propensity to save out of total income. S = 0.4Y − 500 Assuming that the marginal tax rate, t1, is equal to 0.1 and the equilibrium GDP is 2000, find the level of autonomous taxes, t0, the equilibrium values of consumption, disposable income, and private saving.In a keynesian model it is assumed that the consumption function is given by C= 2000 + 0.75 (Y-T) and the planned investment is 1,000 government purchases and taxes are both of those and formulate and draw a graph of planned expenditure as a function of income What is the equilibrium level in the part above If the government purchases increased by 1250 what is the equilibrium income With the aid of a algebra prove that a balanced budget multiplier is always equals to 1Consider an economy that works acoording to the classical model, and the Fisher equation holds for the money market. In this economy the consumption function is C(Y-T)=250+0.75(Y-T), the investment function is I(r)=1000-50r, where Y is income, T is net taxes and r is real interest rate. The government spends 1100 units of output on goods and services and coolects 1000 units as taxes. The labor supply is 1000, while the capital stock is 2500 units. The production function of this economy can be described as Y=K0.5L0.5. The economy is in its long-run equilibrium. The velocity of money is 2, while nominal supply of money is 6000. a) Calculate the equilibrium interest rate of this economy. b) Calculate the price level. c) What is the real wage at which the labor market is at equilibrium? What is the nominal wage? Plzzz give answer of all questions.
- We consider a two-periodendowmenteconomy. Suppose you have the following utility function U (c , c ′)=lnc +βlnc ′ where c and c ′ refer to consumption in the first and second periods, respectively, and β =0.5. The household income in the first and second periods is denoted by y and y ′. Assumegovernment collects lump-sum tax in both periods (T, T ′)to finance the public spending inboth periods (G , G ′)and issue bonds B in the first period. A real net interest rate r is 1. 1. Write down the household’s problem. Does the household perfectly smooth their con-sumption over lifetime? Show it using the optimality condition. 2. Solve for optimal c , c ′ and s (saving) when y −T > y ′−T ′. 3. Given the conditions in part (2), there is an increase in future income y ′ such that y −T =y ′−T ′. Find new optimal c , c ′ and s . Explain how c , c ′ and s change compared to part(2). 4. Focusing on part (3),(a) Suppose that the government increases T by a small amount and decreases T ′ bythe…Consider the Aggregate expenditure model. Where:AD = C + I + G + NX (1)where I, G, and NX are all autonomous.C = C + c∗(Y + T R − T A)(2)where T A = tY with t ∈ [0, 1] is the proportional tax rate and c∗ ∈ (0, 1) is themarginal propensity to consume.a. Using the information above, solve for AD. Combineall the autonomous terms into one term, A. b. In an (x, y) plane, where Y is on the horizontal axis and AD is on thevertical axis, illustrate the AD curve you derived above along with the 450line.Make sure to explain how you got the Y-intercept and solve for the slope c. Provide an economic interpretation for the slope of the AD function. d. Solve for the equilibrium level of output and show what happens to outputwhen G increases by 1 unit. That is, what is ∆Y ? Show your result graphicallyand explain how the AD curves shifts and by how much. Briefly explain.Consider a demand-determined model, with a marginal propensity to consume of 0.80, a marginal propensity to import of 0.25 and a tax rate of 0.20. How much of an increase in economic activity would be generated by a $150 million increase in government spending? (Answers in millions, with no dollar sign - ie. $125,500,000 represented as 125.5) Answer is 245.9, show workings, thanks.
- Consider a Keynesian model with consumption function C = 100 + c(Y – T), 0<c<1 where taxes T are given by T = 100 + tY, 0<t<1 with marginal tax rate t. An increase in G will increase equilibrium output by the multiplier: a. 1/(1 – c – c*t) b.1/(1 – c + c*t) c.1/(1 – c*t) d.1/(1 – c)Suppose that for a particular economy, for some time period, consumption was given by theconsumption function C = 300 + 0.9YD, investment was equal to 200, government expenditure wasequal to 100, net taxes were fixed at 100, exports were equal to 200, and imports were given by theimports function Z = 10 + 0.1YD. Note that YD represents disposable income. a.Suppose households earn $150 more in their disposable income. How much more would theyconsume in total? How much go to domestic goods and how much go to imported goods? Howmuch would they end up saving? b.What is the level of equilibrium income? What about the level of consumption and import? c.What are the values of the government spending multiplier, tax multiplier and balanced-budgetmultiplier? d.Suppose the investment level suddenly declined by 20. How should the government stabilize theeconomy? Please provide all options in detailIn the Keynesian cross model, assume that the consumption function is given byC = 110 + 0.75(Y - T). Planned investment is 300; government purchases is 350. Assume a balanced budget.a. Graph planned expenditure as a function of income.b. What is the equilibrium level of income?c. If government purchases increase to 400, what is the new equilibrium income? What is the multiplier for government purchases?d. What level of government purchases is needed to achieve an income of 2,200? (Taxes remain unchanged.)e. What level of taxes is needed to achieve an income of 2,200? (Government purchases remain at 350.)
- Sup suppose the level of autonomous investment in an economy is 2,000 shillings and the consumption function is c=800 +0.25Y find the equilibrium levels What will be the increase in national income if the investment increases by 250 Suppose that the level of planned investment is to the ceilings and the saving function is given by S=-800 + 0.25Y ,find the equilibrium levels of income Suppose the consumption function is given by C=200+0.2Y ,find the equilibrium levels of income With is a graph discuss the ranges of the aggregate supply curveSuppose a closed economy has an aggregate consumption function given by C = 50 + 0.50Yd and generates $2500 output and income in equilibrium. Suppose also that the government spends 400 and imposes a lump-sum tax of 100. What is the level of intended investment?When income is zero within the Keynesian cross model planned expenditure will be greater than zero and the intercept of the consumption function will hence not be zero either. The reason for this feature of the model is that either: The Marginal Propensity to Save (MPS) is greater than 0.5 The Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) is greater than 0.5 Autonomous consumer expenditure depends only on the level of national income Autonomous consumer expenditure does not depend on the level of national incomeOnly one answer can be correct. Please pick one and explain your reasoning.