In the forces at play: model with horizontal product differentiation there are two and effects. cubic Hotelling; competition; market size O quadratic Hotelling; competition; market size linear Hotelling; competition; business stealing quadratic Hotelling: cooperation; market size
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- Larry, Curly, and Moe run the only saloon in town.Larry wants to sell as many drinks as possiblewithout losing money. Curly wants the saloon tobring in as much revenue as possible. Moe wantsto make the largest possible profits. Using a singlediagram of the saloon’s demand curve and its costcurves, show the price and quantity combinationsfavored by each of the three partners. Explain. (Hint:Only one of these partners will want to set marginalrevenue equal to marginal cost.)2. The market for dark chocolate us characterized by Cournot duopolists - Honeydukes and Wonka industries. The market demand for dark chocolate is:P = 8 - 0.005Qdwhere P is the price per bar in dollars and Qd is dark chocolate's daily quantity demanded in bars (use qh to represent the quantity of dark chocolate sold by Honeydukes and qw to represent the quantity of dark chocolate sold by Wonka Industries). Honeydukes has a constant marginal cost of $2.50 per bar, while Wonka Industries has a constant marginal cost of $3.00 per bar. The firms move simultaneously in choosing their profit-maximizing quantity of output.a. Given the firms move simultaneously, what is the equation for Honeydukes' reaction function with qh expressed as a function of qw?b. Given the firms move simultaneously, what is the equation for Wonka's reaction function with qw expressed as a function of qh?c. What quantity of dark chocolate will each firm produce in equilibrium and what price will be established for a…250 225 Revenue Lost 200 175 150 Revenue Gained 125 Demand 100 75 50 25 3 4 7 8 9. 10 QUANTITY (Fire engines) Gilberto increase production from 7 to 8 fire engines because the dominates in this scenario. True or False: If Gilberto's Fire Engines were a competitive firm instead and $100,000 were the market price for an engine, decreasing its price from $100,000 to $50,000 would result in the same change in the production quantity and, thus, total revenue. O True O False acer Σ 2. 1. PRICE (Thousands of dollars per fire engine)
- What is the relationship between product differentiation and monopolistic competition?The following are excerpts from the article: Stirring the Pot . $80 Coffee Beans – Yikes! Bangor Times. May 22nd, 2016. “ The Third Wave in coffee refers to the growth of small, independent coffee roasters who developed as an alternative to Starbucks when that company grew and disaffected coffee drinkers looked for alternative sources for their caffeinated drinks." “..companies of this type provide a relatively small clientele with great tasting coffees and verified attributes in the sourcing of coffee beans- organic, shade-grown, bird friendly, direct trade (it's better than fair trade), single-farm sourced, etc". "For a Third Wave coffee company, the goal is to satisfy existing consumer interest or create new consumer interest in attributes that its customers believe only that company can offer." ...firms are always trying to create new and better differentiation to set themselves apart from those who have been successfully earning monopoly profits. This very phenomenon is seen as…Draw a graph of Pepsi company that related to the product differentiation. Please asap.
- The following are excerpts from the article: Stirring the Pot . $80 Coffee Beans – Yikes! Bangor Times. May 22nd, 2016. “ The Third Wave in coffee refers to the growth of small, independent coffee roasters who developed as an alternative to Starbucks when that company grew and disaffected coffee drinkers looked for alternative sources for their caffeinated drinks." "..companies of this type provide a relatively small clientele with great tasting coffees and verified attributes in the sourcing of coffee beans- organic, shade-grown, bird friendly, direct trade (it's better than fair trade), single-farm sourced, etc". "For a Third Wave coffee company, the goal is to satisfy existing consumer interest or create new consumer interest in attributes that its customers believe only that company can offer." ...firms are always trying to create new and better differentiation to set themselves apart from those who have been successfully earning monopoly profits. This very phenomenon is seen as…DuopolyMarket for mechanical pencils can be described by the following demand schedule:Price | Number of pencils demanded$6 | 80$5 | 200$4 | 320$3 | 440$2 | 560$1 | 680$0 | 800The fixed cost is $340, while the variable cost is $0.50.d) If there were two firms on the market and they agreed to cooperate, how much would eachfirm need to produce? Follow the procedure outlined in the lecture and show that the otherfirm would prefer to deviate from the agreement.e) When the firms deviate from the agreement, there is a new optimal level of output. Showwhether the firms have an incentive to deviate from that level?f) If there were two firms on the market, what would be the price and the quantity of pencilstraded if the firms couldn’t cooperate?Directions: Analyze and answer the questionsCompetitive PricingFirms need to take care when responding to competitor’s action with a pricing change,as this could trigger a potential price war. Therefore, in this activity you need to identifywhat would be the most appropriate pricing reaction for the following generic situationsactions.1. To communicate the high quality of your product against a new competitor2. The market that the firm operates in is deregulated (allowing more competitorsto enter)3. A new substitute product/industry emerges4. A major increase in production costs occurs5. The firm is looking to benefit from economies of scale6. When you know that key competitors will always match your price changes7. To increase market share significantly8. For one of the firm’s brands/products that has increased its brand equity9. When the firm’s product is experiencing high seasonal demand10.When a major competitor leaves the marketQUESTIONS1. For each of the above situations,…
- Igrushka is a profit-maximizing firm producing wooden dolls-a capital-intensive good-which are sold in its home country, Russia, and abroad in France. Igrushka chose foreign production as a method of penetrating the French market and has to decide whether it is more efficient to directly invest in France to establish a production subsidiary or to license the technology to a French firm to produce its goods. On the following graph, AVCFrance is the average variable cost curve of a French firm producing wooden dolls. (This curve represents costs such as labor and materials.) The curve ATCSubsidiary represents the total unit costs Igrushka will face if it establishes a subsidiary in France. PER-UNIT COST (Dollars) 10 9 8 1 0 0 ATC 15 Subsidiary 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 PRODUCT (Thousands) AVC France 135 150 ? 4Consider the markets for each of the following goods. For each market, tell whether you think the market is best characterized as (a) perfectly competitive; (b) monopoly; (c) oligopoly; or (d) monopolistically competitive. Clearly explain your reasoning for each case, drawing on the assumptions that underpin each kind of market. (a) Papaya (b) Organic milk (e) Music (d) Gasoline in Hawaii (e) Cable TV (E) Cellular phone service (g) Fresh pokeThink about firms such as the Coca Cola Company and PepsiCo who competeagainst each other in the monopolistically competitive market for soft drinks. Eachfirm produces a unique product, but each of these unique products is to some extenta substitute for the soft drinks produced by rival companies.Now imagine a situation where the firms within such a market are facing suchextreme competition that they are unable to make an operating profit. Characterisethis situation diagrammatically and explain what will happen to the market, payingparticular attention to the exit or entry of firms out of (or into) the market.