In this problem a firm's production function depends only on labor, L: outp equals (L – aL²). The firm pays a fixed wage, w, per unit of employed lab and incurs hiring costs equal to qH?, where H is the amount of new hire and receives a constant price, p, per unit of output. The firm's labor force h a constant quit rate equal to 8. Solve for the path of hiring that solves e-"[p(L – aL?) – wL – qH?]dt max | 0,
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- A small consulting firm is only interested in hiring graduates (denoted by S), but it does not know how many it should hire in order to be profit maximizing. Assume there is a competitive wage of $20 per hour and the production function is F(S)= 100S – (1/8)S2 . Hiring additional workers will increase production F(S) over relevant ranges of S. But is the 51st S more valuable than the 50th S in terms of her additions to overall production? What quantity of graduates should this firm hire and why does it stop hiring at this level of S? How does your answer change if the production function is F(S)= 200S –(1/8)S2 and the wage increases to $22?Suppose that the production function is Yt = AtKt^(1/2) Lt^(1/2) where Yt is output, Kt is the stock of capital and Lt is amount of labor firms hire. Assume that Kt = 100, At = 2. (a) Firms in this economy maximize their profits, given by revenue net of labor costs: Yt −WtLt . Derive the firm’s labor demand curve. (b) Workers in this economy maximize their utility, given by U(Ct , Nt) = log(Ct) − Nt , where Ct is consumption and Nt is the amount of labor workers supply. Their budget constraint is Ct = WtNt . Derive the workers’ labor supply curve. (c) Calculate the equilibrium wage rate and employment in this economy using the expressions for labor demand and supply you derived above. Also calculate the total amount of output the economy produces. (d) Suppose that capital doubles, to Kt = 200. Calculate what happens to the wage rate, employment and output. Illustrate the effects of this increase in capital graphically, using a labor demand/supply diagram.Suppose, the demand and supply curve in a US manufacturing firm are provided as follows: ES = 20 + 2w ED = 70 − 3w where E is the level of employment and w is the hourly wage. Let’s assume this firm shows the representative wage of the manufacturing industry. Suppose the price of each unit of capital used in this industry is $25. The price of output is constant at $50 per unit. The production function is f(E,K) = E½K ½ , so that the marginal product of labor is MPE = (½)(K/E) ½ If the current capital stock is fixed at 1,600 units, how much labor should the industry employ in the short run? How much profit will the industry earn?
- Q26 Assume that Paul Bocuse's restaurant in Lyon is hiring labour in an amount such that the MRC of the last worker is $10 and his MRP is $15. On the basis of this information, we can say that Multiple Choice profits will be increased by hiring additional workers. the Paul Bocuse restaurant is maximizing profits. the Paul Bocuse restaurant is minimizing losses. profits will be increased by hiring fewer workers. marginal revenue product must exceed average revenue product.Goleta Brewing Company hires only two types of labor, managers and brewing assistants (denoted M and B, respectively). GBC has the following Cobb-Douglas production function F(M,B) = M.5 B.5 and wants to produce 10 barrels of pale ale this week. If the wage of managers is $50 per hour and the wage of brewing assistants is $10 per hour, how many managers and brewing assistants should the firm hire (round to nearest whole number)? How does your answer change when the wage of managers decreases to $30 per hour and the wage of brewing assistants remains constant. Is this result consistent with your intuition?At the bottom of the page, complete the labor demand table for a fifirm that is hiring labor competitively and selling its product in a competitive market.a. How many workers will the firm hire if the market wage rate is $27.95? $19.95? Explain why the firm will not hire a larger or smaller number of units of labor at each of these wage rates.b. Show in schedule form and graphically the labor demand curve of this firm.c. Now again determine the firm’s demand curve for labor, assuming that it is selling in an imperfectly competitive market and that, although it can sell 17 units at $2.20 per unit, it must lower product price by 5 cents in order to sell the marginal product of each successive labor unit. Compare this demand curve with that derived in question 2b (part b of this question). Which curve is more elastic? Explain.
- The total product of the 10 employees of ABC is 10,000 bags. The firm is considering employing a Chinese worker whose marginal product is 900 bags. Each bag is sold at K10 and all the workers are paid a flat wage of K8, 900.A. What is the average product before and after this worker is employed?B. Should ABC employ the new Chinese worker? C. What is the minimum marginal product that ABC can accept for any additional worker under the prevailing price and wage rate?In a purely competitive labor market (a), market labor supply S and market labor demand D determine the equilibrium wage rate Wc and the equilibrium number of workers Qc . Each individual competitive firm (b) takes this competitive wage Wc as given. Thus, the individual firm’s labor supply curve s = MRC is perfectly elastic at the going wage Wc . Its labor demand curve, d, is its MRP curve (here labeled mrp). The firm maximizes its profit by hiring workers up to where MRP = MRC. Area 0abc represents both the firm’s total revenue and its total cost. The green area is its total wage cost; the blue area is its nonlabor costs, including a normal profit—that is, the firm’s payments to the suppliers of land, capital, and entrepreneurship. This firm’s labor demand curve d in graph (b) slopes downward because: a. the law of diminishing marginal utility applies. b. the law of diminishing returns applies. c. the firm must lower its price to sell additional units of its product. d. the firm is a…In a purely competitive labor market (a), market labor supply S and market labor demand D determine the equilibrium wage rate Wc and the equilibrium number of workers Qc . Each individual competitive firm (b) takes this competitive wage Wc as given. Thus, the individual firm’s labor supply curve s = MRC is perfectly elastic at the going wage Wc . Its labor demand curve, d, is its MRP curve (here labeled mrp). The firm maximizes its profit by hiring workers up to where MRP = MRC. Area 0abc represents both the firm’s total revenue and its total cost. The green area is its total wage cost; the blue area is its nonlabor costs, including a normal profit—that is, the firm’s payments to the suppliers of land, capital, and entrepreneurship. The supply-of-labor curve S slopes upward in graph (a) because: a. the law of diminishing marginal utility applies. b. the law of diminishing returns applies. c. workers can afford to “buy” more leisure when the wage rate increases. d. higher wages are…
- In a purely competitive labor market (a), market labor supply S and market labor demand D determine the equilibrium wage rate Wc and the equilibrium number of workers Qc . Each individual competitive firm (b) takes this competitive wage Wc as given. Thus, the individual firm’s labor supply curve s = MRC is perfectly elastic at the going wage Wc . Its labor demand curve, d, is its MRP curve (here labeled mrp). The firm maximizes its profit by hiring workers up to where MRP = MRC. Area 0abc represents both the firm’s total revenue and its total cost. The green area is its total wage cost; the blue area is its nonlabor costs, including a normal profit—that is, the firm’s payments to the suppliers of land, capital, and entrepreneurship. A rightward shift of the labor supply curve in graph (a) would shift curve: a. d = mrp leftward in graph (b). b. d = mrp rightward in graph (b). c. s = MRC upward in graph (b). d. s = MRC downward in graph (b).Q.1.20 An upward-sloping labour supply curve illustrates that ceteris paribus; (a) the quantity of labour supplied and the hours of work per week aredirectly related.(b) the quantity of labour supplied and the price of labour used to produceoutput are inversely related.(c) individuals use higher income to buy back leisure time.(d) a greater quantity of labour would be supplied at higher wage rates .Q.1.17 Marginal cost is defined by: (a) total cost increases when one more unit is produced.(b) fixed cost increases when one more unit is produced.(c) Total revenue increases when one more unit is produced.(d) average cost increases when one more unit is produced.Derive the labor hiring rule for a profit maximizer firm in the short-run and give a graphical example to explain your argument with a graphically