Indicate whether the following processes are spontaneous or nonspontaneous.(a) Liquid water freezing at a temperature below its freezing point(b) Liquid water freezing at a temperature above its freezing point(c) The combustion of gasoline(d) A ball thrown into the air(e) A raindrop falling to the ground(f) Iron rusting in a moist atmosphere

Q: Using a Venn Diagram, compare and contrast a spontaneous and non-spontaneous process.

A: To distinguish between spontaneous process and non-spontaneous process using the given Venn diagram.…

Q: Which combination of AH and AS NEVER has a spontaneous reaction? & tAH and +AS A -AH and -AS C -AH…

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Q: A spontaneous reaction always involves an increase in

A: A spontaneous reaction is that reaction which can by it self without external source.

Q: A spontaneous process usually involves an increase in temperature (an exothermic reaction), yet when…

A: Solution- The reaction is favorable when it causes an enthalpy decrease and an increase in system…

Q: What is the advantage of calculating free energy changesrather than entropy changes to determine…

A: The entropy change of the system depends upon the randomness. As the randomness of the system…

Q: State the First Law of Thermodynamics. Cite at least oneexample that applies to the First Law of…

A: The first law of thermodynamics: If the amount of heat provided to a system is proficient of doing…

Q: che standard entropy change to c

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Q: The combustion of gasoline is a spontaneous process. If this reaction proceeds spontaneously, why…

A:

Q: What is a spontaneous process?

A: Spontaneous process is a irreversible process

Q: 47. What is always true for any spontaneous reaction?

A: A spontaneous reaction is a reaction that favors product formation under the conditions reaction is…

Q: Frequently, when salts dissolve in water, the solution becomes warm. Such a process is exothermic.…

A: Endothermic process: It is the process in which the system absorbs heat from the surrounding and as…

Q: Classify the following processes as spontaneous or non spontaneous

A: Process are categorised as spontaneous if they are naturally occurring without any external force

Q: When does a spontaneous process occur?

A: To explain when does a spontaneous process occurs.

Q: Explain the difference between a spontaneous and non-spontaneous process, and provide an example of…

A: Difference between spontaneous and non-spontaneous process :

Q: Ammonium nitrate dissolves spontaneously and endothermically in the water at room temperature. What…

A: The Gibb’s free energy expression is as follows, Here, ∆G is Gibb's free energy, ∆H is the enthalpy…

Q: Which of the following is a spontaneous process? A. A ball rolls up a hill B. A fruit turns yellow…

A: Given processes, A. A ball rolls up a hill B. A fruit turns yellow as it ripens C. Ice is formed at…

Q: Which of the following conditions describe a reaction that is spontaneous at "low" temperature and…

A: OPtion D (ans)From the thermodyamic equation we know that ∆G=∆H-T∆SWhere ,∆G = Free energy change∆G…

Q: At 1 atm pressure, CO2 sublimes at -78 degrees C. Is this process spontaneous at -100 degrees C and…

A: Given. At 1 atm pressure, CO2 sublimes at -78 degrees C.

Q: 1. Define entropy. How do you calculate standard entropy change for a reaction?

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Q: Which processes are spontaneous at room temperature? Mark all that apply. O Helium mixing with the…

A: Out of the given options first three are spontaneous process at room temperature.

Q: How does probability relate to spontaneity

A: A spontaneous chemical reaction proceed like a downhill. The spontaneity of a reaction can also be…

Q: Which of the following is a spontaneous process at atmospheric pressure? A. Water freezing at room…

A: Spontaneity of a process is define by the Gibbs free energy of reaction.

Q: What can be said about an endothermic reaction with a negative entropy change? • View Available…

A: According to the thermodynamic of reaction, the change in Gibbs energy should be negative for…

Q: How does entropy predict the spontaneity of any process in the environment?

A: The measurement of the disorderedness of the system is defined as entropy. For example; the melting…

Q: Under what conditions does an increase in temperature turn a nonspontaneous process into a…

A: For a spontaneous reaction, ∆G (change in Gibbs free energy) must be negative.

Q: What do standard states have to do with free-energy changes?

A: Standard state is like the reference state of the substance, the phase of the substance usually…

Q: What general rules apply to predicting whether an entropy change is negative or positive

A: Thermodynamics is the branch of chemistry that mainly deals with the heat transfer between system…

Q: Ammonium nitrate dissolves spontaneously and endothermallyin water at room temperature. What can you…

A: If NH4NO3 dissolves spontaneously in water,

Q: Define Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Processes?

A: Spontaneous Process:  The process which can take place by itself or by initiation independent of the…

Q: Which one of the following statements is false O AG7 of elements in their standard states is zero O…

A: A spontaneous  reaction always have negative Delta G for reaction.

Q: The following reaction is spontaneous at room temperature.

A: Since we know that a spontaneous reaction is the reaction which occurs on it own without any outside…

Q: Which figure represents a process with a positive entropy change? 8. 8 8

A: Entropy :-  It is a measure of randomness or disorderness present in the system . If the randomness…

Q: Describe how matter is redistributed when the following spontaneous processes take place:(a) A solid…

A: Sublimation:- It is the change in form of substance from solid state to gaseous state. Example-…

Q: Which of the following describes an endergonic reaction?       is nonspontaneous       is…

A: The endergonic reaction means that ∆G > 0

Q: An endothernmic reaction with increase in entropy a. always spontaneous b. spontaneous in low…

A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we are entitled to answer the first only.

Q: Is the entropy of a bag of popcorn greater than, less than, or equal to the entropy ofthe kernels of…

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Q: Find ΔS° for the combustion of ammonia to nitrogen diox-ide and water vapor. Is the sign of ΔS° as…

A: The standard value of entropy is not given. So the experimental data of standard entropy has been…

Q: Which of the following involve an increase in the entropy of the system? Briefly explain how…

A: The process that involves an increase in the entropy of the system has to be identified .

Q: Which of the following processes are spontaneous and which are nonspontaneous: (a) the ripening of a…

A: Spontaneous process The process that can take place without the assistance of any external factor is…

Q: How does the entropy of the surroundings change duringan exothermic reaction? An endothermic…

A: Entropy of surrounding will increase during an exothermic reaction because heat is absorbed by…

Q: Which of the following is not true about a spontaneous process? A) A spontaneous process is one that…

A: A spontaneous reaction is one that is capable of occurring in a given direction without being driven…

Q: Without consulting Appendix B, arrange each group in or-der of increasingstandard molar entropy…

A: (a) Diamond has an ordered three dimensional crystalline shape, followed by graphite with an ordered…

Q: Explain why water spontaneously freezes to form ice below 0 °C even though the entropy of the water…

A: Entropy is the randomness or disorder. As the disorder increases the entropy increases, while the…

Q: Which of the following represents a process that is always spontaneous? ASsys: negative ASsurr:…

A:

Q: Which of the following reactions are/is spontaneous? a) The melting of ice cubes at -5°C and 1 atm…

A: a. Melting of ice is non spontaneous at -5°C and 1 atm because it melts at 0°C and 1 atm. Below this…

Q: The normal freezing point of n-octane 1C8H182 is -57 °C. In what temperature range is the freezing…

A: For freezing process  ∆H < 0  and ∆S < 0  So,  ∆G = ∆H - T∆S  at low temperature  ∆G < 0…

Q: Direction: identify whether the process is spontaneous or nonspontaneous. Write your answer on a…

A: A spontaneous process is defined as the process itself happens without any external agent or force.…

Q: Which one of the following statements is false O AG; of elements in their standard states is zero O…

A: Option a: ∆G° of element in their standard states is zero because standard standard is the most…