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Infrared Interpretation – interpret all absorptions in the 4000-1400 cm-1 region of the IR spectra of 2-methyl-4-heptanol. Label the recorded IR spectra and provide an indication of the impurities present, if any.

Infrared Interpretation – interpret all absorptions in the 4000-1400 cm-1 region of the IR spectra of 2-methyl-4-heptanol. Label the recorded IR spectra and provide an indication of the impurities present, if any.

Fundamentals Of Analytical Chemistry
Fundamentals Of Analytical Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781285640686
Author:Skoog
Publisher:Skoog
Chapter28: Atomic Spectroscopy
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 28.2QAP
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Infrared Interpretation – interpret all absorptions in the 4000-1400 cm-1 region of the IR spectra of 2-methyl-4-heptanol. Label the recorded IR spectra and provide an indication of the impurities present, if any.
Correlation Table for Infrared Spectroscopy Frequency of Intensity/Shape absorption (cm-1) 3650-3590 3600-3200 3400-2400 3500-3300 3340-3270 3100-3000 2260-2100 1800 and 1750 1810-1760 1750-1730 1740-1680 2960-2850 Strong/sharp 2850-2810 and Medium/sharp 2750-2700 2260-2220 1730-1680* 1720-1680 1700-1630 1680-1620 Strong/sharp 1600-1450 Strong/broad Strong/ very broad Medium to strong/ sharp Strong/sharp Weak to medium Medium to strong/ sharp Weak to medium/ sharp Strong/sharp Strong/sharp Strong/sharp Strong/sharp Strong/sharp Strong/sharp Strong/sharp A-13 Weak to medium/ sharp Variable intensity/ sharp Bond/Class of Compounds O-H/ alcohols, phenols O-H/ alcohols, phenols O-H/ carboxylic acids N-H/ 1° and 2° amines and amides C(sp)-H/ terminal alkynes C(sp²)-H/ alkenes, aromatic compounds C(sp³)-H/ alkanes C-H/ aldehydes C=N/nitriles C=C/ alkynes C=0/anhydrides C=0/ acid chlorides C=0/esters C=0/ aldehydes C=0/ ketones C=0/ carboxylic acids C=0/amides C=C/ alkenes CC aromatic Additional Comments Free (not hydrogen bonded) OH group Hydrogen bonded OH group Dimers of carboxylic acids 1° amines and amides give two absorptions, 2⁰ - one Usually two absorptions, one-2820, another -2720 Might not be visible in internal alkynes Always two absorptions Aliphatic: 1740-1720 Aromatic: 1720-1680 Aliphatic: 1730-1700 Aromatic: 1700-1680 Dimer, 1720-1700 aliphatic, 1700-1680 aromatic 1 and 2 amides 1700-1670, 3⁰-1670-1630 1640-1620 if a conjugated double bond *Angle strain in the carbonyl group, caused by the size of a small ring, increases the frequency of the absorption position of the C=0 bond of cyclic ketones; in cyclohexanone the absorption shows at 1715 cm-¹, in cyclopentanone at 1750 cm-¹, and in cyclobutanone at 1785 cm-¹.
Transcribed Image Text:Correlation Table for Infrared Spectroscopy Frequency of Intensity/Shape absorption (cm-1) 3650-3590 3600-3200 3400-2400 3500-3300 3340-3270 3100-3000 2260-2100 1800 and 1750 1810-1760 1750-1730 1740-1680 2960-2850 Strong/sharp 2850-2810 and Medium/sharp 2750-2700 2260-2220 1730-1680* 1720-1680 1700-1630 1680-1620 Strong/sharp 1600-1450 Strong/broad Strong/ very broad Medium to strong/ sharp Strong/sharp Weak to medium Medium to strong/ sharp Weak to medium/ sharp Strong/sharp Strong/sharp Strong/sharp Strong/sharp Strong/sharp Strong/sharp Strong/sharp A-13 Weak to medium/ sharp Variable intensity/ sharp Bond/Class of Compounds O-H/ alcohols, phenols O-H/ alcohols, phenols O-H/ carboxylic acids N-H/ 1° and 2° amines and amides C(sp)-H/ terminal alkynes C(sp²)-H/ alkenes, aromatic compounds C(sp³)-H/ alkanes C-H/ aldehydes C=N/nitriles C=C/ alkynes C=0/anhydrides C=0/ acid chlorides C=0/esters C=0/ aldehydes C=0/ ketones C=0/ carboxylic acids C=0/amides C=C/ alkenes CC aromatic Additional Comments Free (not hydrogen bonded) OH group Hydrogen bonded OH group Dimers of carboxylic acids 1° amines and amides give two absorptions, 2⁰ - one Usually two absorptions, one-2820, another -2720 Might not be visible in internal alkynes Always two absorptions Aliphatic: 1740-1720 Aromatic: 1720-1680 Aliphatic: 1730-1700 Aromatic: 1700-1680 Dimer, 1720-1700 aliphatic, 1700-1680 aromatic 1 and 2 amides 1700-1670, 3⁰-1670-1630 1640-1620 if a conjugated double bond *Angle strain in the carbonyl group, caused by the size of a small ring, increases the frequency of the absorption position of the C=0 bond of cyclic ketones; in cyclohexanone the absorption shows at 1715 cm-¹, in cyclopentanone at 1750 cm-¹, and in cyclobutanone at 1785 cm-¹.
3500 3000 2500 Wavenumber cm-1 2000 1500 1000 500 3345.51 2955.65 2927.88 2870.43 1466.22 382.51 1148.31 1121.83 1025.62 944.75 900.2 838.72 606.96 591.02 571.07 554.66 544.06 499.62 472.28 459.78 450.11 441.82 418.52 65 70 Transmittance [%] 75 80 85 95 90 humhy 100 BRUKER 2-methyl-4-heptanol
Transcribed Image Text:3500 3000 2500 Wavenumber cm-1 2000 1500 1000 500 3345.51 2955.65 2927.88 2870.43 1466.22 382.51 1148.31 1121.83 1025.62 944.75 900.2 838.72 606.96 591.02 571.07 554.66 544.06 499.62 472.28 459.78 450.11 441.82 418.52 65 70 Transmittance [%] 75 80 85 95 90 humhy 100 BRUKER 2-methyl-4-heptanol
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