48 What are the differences between plant cells and animal cells?Select one:a. animal cell wall contains keratin while plant cell wall contains ligninb. contrary to animal cells, plant cells have neither mitochondria nor Golgic. contrary to animal cells, plant cells contain cell wall, plastids and vacuolesd.animal cells are permeable to O₂ while plant cells are permeable to CO₂e. animal cells accumulate melatonin in the nucleus while plant cells accumulate chlorophyll in the nucleus

Cell can be defined as the smallest amd fundamental unit of life which have an ability to survive on…

-lect one: O a. animal cell wall contains keratin while plant cell wall contains lignin contrary to animal cells, plant cells have neither mitochondria nor Golgi O b. Oc. contrary to animal cells, plant cells contain cell wall, plastids and vacuoles O d. animal cells are permeable to O₂ while plant cells are permeable to CO2 e. animal cells accumulate melatonin in the nucleus while plant cells accumulate chlorophyll in the n

-lect one: O a. animal cell wall contains keratin while plant cell wall contains lignin contrary to animal cells, plant cells have neither mitochondria nor Golgi O b. Oc. contrary to animal cells, plant cells contain cell wall, plastids and vacuoles O d. animal cells are permeable to O₂ while plant cells are permeable to CO2 e. animal cells accumulate melatonin in the nucleus while plant cells accumulate chlorophyll in the n

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter1: Introduction To Physiology And Homeostasis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3TAHL: The hormone insulin enhances the transport of glucose (sugar) from the blood into most body cells....

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The hormone insulin enhances the transport of glucose (sugar) from the blood into most body cells. Its secretion is controlled by a negative-feedback system between the concentration of glucose in the blood and the insulin-secreting cells. Therefore, which of the following statements is correct? A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further towers blood glucose concentration. An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn lowers blood glucose concentration. A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn increases blood glucose concentration. An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further increases blood glucose concentration. None of the preceding is correct.
A hormone differs from a neurotransmitter in thata. hormones act extracellularly, whereas neurotransmitters act withinthe cell that synthesized them.b. hormones are released only by neurons, whereas neurotransmittersare released by many different types of cells.c. hormones cause only fast responses (seconds or less) to stimuli,whereas neurotransmitters cause slow responses (minutes to hours)to stimuli.d. hormones affect only epithelial cells, whereas neurotransmittersaffect only muscle cells.e. hormones are released into the bloodstream and can activate manycells in many parts of the body, whereas neurotransmitters arereleased by neurons and affect adjacent cells.
A person forgets to eat breakfast one morning. How would this person's body respond to maintain blood sugar homeostasis? A. The pancreas would release insulin to signal the liver to release stored sugars. B. The pancreas would release glucagon to signal the liver to store blood sugars as glycogen. C. The pancreas would release insulin to signal the liver to store blood sugars as glycogen. D. The pancreas would release glucagon to signal the liver to release stored sugars.
Figure 37.11 Pancreatic tumors may cause excess secretion of glucagon. Type I diabetes results from the failure of the pancreas to produce insulin. Which of the following statement about these two conditions is true? A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will have the opposite effects on blood sugar levels. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hyperglycemia. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hypoglycemia. Both pancreatic tumors and type I diabetes result in the inability of cells to take up glucose.
Figure 16.14 Goiter, a disease caused by iodine deficiency, results in the inability of the thyroid gland to form T3 and T4 . The body typically attempts to compensate by producing greater amounts of TSH. Which of the following symptoms would you expect goiter to cause? a. Hypothyroidism, resulting in weight gain, cold sensitivity, and reduced mental activity. b. Hyperthyroidism, resulting in weight loss, profuse sweating and increased heart rate. C. Hyperthyroidism, resulting in weight gain, cold sensitivity, and reduced mental activity. d. Hypothyroidism, resulting in weight loss, profuse sweating and increased heart rate.
Secretion of the hormone ADH may decrease or stop if the pituitarys posterior lobe is damaged, as by a blow to the head. This is one cause of diabetes insipidus. People with this form of diabetes excrete so much dilute urine that they may become seriously dehydrated. Where are the target cells of ADH?
If hormone travel wherever blood goes, why don't all cells respond to all hormones? (Subject: Human physiology)
Answer Human Nutrition If you consume more protein than you need, the excess amino acids are stored as fat. What is one thing you CAN do to change your body so that your protein stores are greater? Hormones + exercise: Be able to explain the connection between epinephrine and fat. Where is epinephrine secreted? How does epinephrine help a person who has been exercising for longer than 20 minutes continue exercising? Hormones + exercise: Is insulin needed for exercise activity? Does your body make more or less insulin while you exercise? Be able to summarize effects of hormones + exercise: As blood glucose levels drop during exercise, there is less glucose in the blood available to enter cells and provide energy. The body needs to bring glucose into the blood, so glucose can travel to and enter the cell. What signals the liver and fat cells to release stored energy as glucose? What is the form of that stored energy in the liver? in fat cells? Be able to list the factors that…
A hydrophilic peptide hormone is produced in the anterior pituitary gland located at the base of the brain. The hormone targets specific cells in many parts of the body. Which of the following best explains a possible mechanism that would enable the hormone to efficiently reach all the target cells in the body? A. Restate the question and record the right answer. B. Why is this the correct answer?
An increase in calcium concentration can be associated with an increase in stomach acidity. This process is similar to the processes involved in neurotransmitter and insulin release. How is calcium associated with increased stomach acid? a. Calcium binds to the alpha subunit of a G protein activating proton pumps already on the membrane. b. Calcium is pumped out of the cell by an ATPase and as a result this lowers the pH of the gut. c. Calcium influx into the cell allows vesicles containing proton pumps on their membranes to fuse with the cellular membrane. d. Calcium influx into the cell allows vesicles filled with protons to fuse with the cellular membrane. e. Calcium binds to acetylcholine receptors on Parietal cells and opens gated proton channels releasing protons from the cytoplasm to outside the cell.
The peptide hormones vasopressin (ADH) and oxytocin each contain only nine amino acids.Vasopressin is an antidiuretic: even at low doses it controls the resorption of water by the distal tubules of the kidneys and regulates the osmotic content of blood. At high doses it can affect blood pressure. Oxytocin stimulates contraction of uterine smooth muscle. It is secreted during labor to effect delivery of the fetus. Oxytocin in therapeutically delivered to accelerate contractions in a labor that is not progressing. The primary sequences of the two peptides are shown below.Vasopressin: CYFQNCPRG Oxytocin: CYIQNCPLGQuestions: 1. Draw the Primary Structure of Vasopressin and Oxytocin. 2. Calculate the overall charge of the peptides at pH 1, 7, 9, 11 and 14. Are the peptidespositively or negatively charged at pH 7? Between which pH values in this range are thepeptides neutral? Calculate the pI of each peptide. How might the differences affecttheir function?
hGH is an important part of fat metabolism, muscle development, and bone growth. Synthetic hGH can be used to treat children and adults suffering from hGH deficiency. More recently, competitive athletes have began taking hGH in an attempt to improve athletic performance. The use of hGH for athletics is banned by many major sporting organizations. A recent study of 44 athletes who took daily injections of hGH over 20 days showed that, on average, the athletes gained 4.2 lbs of muscle, but the gain in muscle did not translate to increased athletic performance.Evaluate each statement regarding the use of hGH by competitive athletes to determine whether the statement is an example of an ethical, economical, societal, or environmental issue. Athletes who play professional sports should be encouraged to take synthetic hormones to improve performance because their job is to win. Athletes who took hGH did not improve their sport performance but did improve their appearance and marketability.…