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- Regarding the production of monoclonal antibodies, it is CORRECT to state that: * A) Hybridomas are cells generated from the fusion of myeloma cells and cells from animals challenged with the antigen of interest that have the ability to produce antibodies and limited cell proliferation. B) All hybrid cells generated from the fusion of cells from the challenged animal and cells of the myeloma lineage will have the ability to produce antibodies reactive against the antigen of interest. C) The HAT selection medium contains aminopterin, which is an efficient inhibitor of the thymidine kinase metabolic pathway, thus eliminating myeloma cells that are not fused or fused with other cells of the same kind. D) The HAT selection medium contains hypoxanthine, which is an efficient inhibitor of the nucleotide synthesis salvage pathway, thus eliminating cells from the challenged animal that are not fused or fused with other identical cells. E) Hybridomas will produce antibodies with the…List all major differences between (a) the F+ * F- and the Hfr * Fbacterialcrosses; and (b) the F+, F-, Hfr, and F' bacteria.Before development of a vaccine against this microbe, thedisease it caused accounted for two-thirds of bacterial meningi-tis cases during the first year of life but is still the number oneleading cause of mental retardation in patients who survive seri-ous disease due to permanent central nervous system disorders.What is the microorganism?(a) Haemophilus influenzae type B(b) Haemophilus influenzae type A(c) Neisseria meningitidis(d) Streptococcus pneumoniae(e) Listeria monocytogenes
- "The antibody diversity created by the combinatorial joining of V, D, and J segments by V(D)J recombination pales in comparison to the enormous diversity created by the random gain and loss of nucleotides at V, D, and J joining sites", is true or false.The vaccine for Haemophilus influenzae type b is called a conjugate vaccine. It is composed of the tetanus toxoid protein conjugated to the capsular polysaccharide of the H. influenzae type b bacteria. When used to vaccinate infants, the antibody response generated by this vaccine would include 0 0 0 0 antibodies that bind only to the protein-polysaccharide conjugate in the vaccine. antibodies to the tetanus toxoid only. antibodies to the bacterial polysaccharide and the tetanus toxoid. antibodies to the bacterial polysaccharide only.Which person type O, A, B, or AB is considered a universal donor, and which is a universal recipient? Explain your answer?
- Have a look at the results in this SDS-PAGE gel. A MW ladder is shown. In the "control" lane, a sample of recombinant protein "LBT3" was loaded. Lane A shows proteins that have been prepared from leukocytes from a normal, healthy individual. Lanes B, C, D, E and F show protein prepared from leukocytes from individuals with lymphoma. What is the best explanation for the result shown for patient D? 200 150 100 75 50 37 20 Weight, kDa MW ladder Control AWhy does an Hfr * F- mating not yield two Hfr cells?In Figure 5-14, which is the last gene to be transferredinto the F– from each of the five Hfr strains?
- 5 strains of E. coli are isolated. They may be mutated on the ara, mal, leu and pro genes, and only these 4 genes. The 5 strains (E1 to E5) are tested on 5 different media and colonies are observed the next day. Rich Media (Lb) E5 E4 E1 E2Ⓡ E3 MM + Mal+Leu E5 E4 X ● E1 E5 X MM + Mal E4 X X E1 E3 E2 E5 ✪✪ E2 E4 ● E1 E5 MM + Mal+Leu +Pro E2 E3 MM + Ara E4 X X E1 E3 E2 X X Colonies are indicated by a black dot, absence of a colony is indicated by a cross. 1) Determine the genotypes of the 5 bacterial strains (E1 - E5)Many pharmaceutical companies are trying to produce vaccine against Corona virus (COVID-19) but they are facing problems to find an effective, safe and universal vaccine. ExplainEight mutant bacteriophage strains cannot lyse a certain type of bacteria that can be lysed by wild-type bacteriophages. The mutant strains were allowed to infect the bacteria in a complementation test. A "+" indicates that lysis occurred with coinfection. A "-" indicates that lysis did not occur. GKWTMAQC G- ++++- K W T M A Q C - + +++ - ++++ - + + - + - + - - + + + A cistron is defined by no complementation in the How many genes are controlling lysis in this bacteriophage? (Use a number not a word in the space) configuration.