Male side-blotched lizards display throat color polymorphisms; some males have orange throats, some have yellow throat stripes, and some have blue throats. The following table gives genotypes observed in a California population in 1993. Genotype Individuals 00 2 10 oy ob 14 yy 32 yb bb 5 42 Please calculate: a) The allele frequencies. b) The observed heterozygosity. Note that you have more than one type of heterozygote at this locus. c) The expected heterozygosity.

Male side-blotched lizards display throat color polymorphisms; some males have orange throats, some have yellow throat stripes, and some have blue throats. The following table gives genotypes observed in a California population in 1993. Genotype Individuals 00 2 10 oy ob 14 yy 32 yb bb 5 42 Please calculate: a) The allele frequencies. b) The observed heterozygosity. Note that you have more than one type of heterozygote at this locus. c) The expected heterozygosity.

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter19: Population Genetics And Human Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8QP: How Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in Populations? In a population where the females have the...

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Half of the worlds population eats rice at least twice a day. Much of this rice is grown in flooded conditions, and different strains of rice are tolerant (survive) or intolerant (die) under these conditions. Rice breeders used genetic crosses to test whether tolerance to flooding is a dominant trait. Researchers used three true-breeding flood-tolerant strains, FR143, BKNFR, and Kurk, and two true-breeding flood- intolerant strains, IR42 and NB, in the crosses. Results were obtained from three sets of crosses and are reported in the Table below: Results of cross of F1 to tolerant parent: F1 plants were crossed with the tolerant parent of the cross. Number of Plants Progeny Analyzed from Intolerant Tolerant Cross Alive Dead Total 1. F2 results of cross: IR42 FR13A 187 77 264 IR42 BKNFR 192 73 265 NB Kurk 142 52 195 2. Results of cross of F1 to intolerant parent: (F1 of IR42 FR13A) IR42 14 17 31 (F1 of IR42 BKNFR) IR42 15 10 25 (F1 of NB Kurk) NB 21 35 56 3. Results of cross of F1 to tolerant parent: (F1 of IR42 FR13A) FR13A 31 0 31 (F1 of IR42 BKNFR) BKNFR 28 0 28 (F1 of NB Kurk) Kurk 40 0 40 Do the data support the hypothesis that the tolerance trait is dominant? Justify your conclusion by explaining the results from each of the three sets of crosses in terms of genotypes and phenotypic ratios. Source: T. Setter et al. 1997. Physiology and genetics of submergence tolerance in rice. Annals of Botany 79:6777.
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You are studying a population of penguins in Antarctica. Your DNA analysis of this population reveals that for the feather color pattern gene, 35 individuals are homozygous dominant, 35 individuals are heterozygous, and 30 individuals are homozygous recessive. After observing this population for several years, you repeat your DNA study and find that the current generation of penguins has 15 individuals that are homozygous dominant, 10 individuals that are heterozygous, and 75 individuals that are homozygous recessive. Which of the following hypotheses for this data would be supported by this data based on your understanding of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? This population of penguins is maintaining Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to its large population size. The penguins are randomly choosing mates, which has led to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The penguins are very isolated, which is preventing gene flow from affecting Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The recessive phenotype in…