n human cells, where does fatty acid elongation (that is, beyond the C16:0 normally produced by fatty acid synthase) occur? a)On the outer (cytosolic) face of the outer mitochondrial membrane b)On the outer (cytosolic) face of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane c)Free in the cytosol d)In the mitochondrial matri

n human cells, where does fatty acid elongation (that is, beyond the C16:0 normally produced by fatty acid synthase) occur? a)On the outer (cytosolic) face of the outer mitochondrial membrane b)On the outer (cytosolic) face of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane c)Free in the cytosol d)In the mitochondrial matri

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter2: Cell Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10RE: Using the answer code on the right, indicate which form of energy production is being described: 1....

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

A 65-year-old man with severe atherosclerotic coronary artery disease comes to the emergency department because of a 12-hour history of chest pain. Plasma activity of the MB isozyme of creatine kinase (MB-CK) is markedly increased. Which of the following processes is the most likely explanation for the increased plasma MB-CK? (A) Cell membrane damage (B) Endoplasmic reticulum dilation (C) Mitochondrial swelling (D) Polysome dissociation (E) Sodium pump dysfunction
Describe the source or sources of energy needed for unidirectional translocation across the membrane in (a) cotranslational translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); (b) post-translational translocation into the ER; (c) translocation into the mitochondrial matrix.
Only 37 of the proteins in mitochondria are encoded by the mitochondrial DNA. The other proteins are encoded in nuclear DNA, then translated and transported to the mitochondria. Describe one unique feature of protein transport across mitochondrial membranes.
For each of the following statements regarding protein import into mitochondria, indicate whether it is likely to be true or false. [Select] into the mitochondria matrix. [Select] [Select] being translated [Select] unfolded state. The signal sequence is always retained after proteins are imported Chaperon proteins are needed for protein import into mitochondria ✓ Imported proteins cross the mitochondrial membrane while it is still Proteins imported into mitochondria cross the membrane in
19. What statement is correct regarding the synthesis of actin monomers? a) They would be synthesized on free ribosomes, with a mitochondrial localization sequence that would be recognized by a receptor on the mitochondrial membrane. b) They would be synthesized on free ribosomes, with a nuclear localization sequence that would facilitate its passage through a nuclear pore. c) They would be synthesized on free ribosomes, with no signal sequence. d) They would have a signal sequence on its N terminus that would be recognized by a signal recognition particle (SRP) in the cytoplasm that would dock it on the endoplasmic reticulum. e) They would be synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum, processed in the Golgi and sent to the nucleus in appropriated tagged vesicles.
Within the eukaryotic cell, the source of most of the energy stored in ATP is produced through the: a) breakdown of chlorophyll in the mitochondrion b) mitochondrion completing the oxidation of pyruvate (3 carbon chains) c) oxidation of glucose in the cytoplasm d) hydrolysis within the lysosome e) storage of glucose as glycogen by a storage vesicle
In the cytosol, the fatty acid C16:0 is desaturated by the Δ6 fatty acyl-CoA desaturase. The resulting fatty acid then goes through one round of elongation. What will be the product of this process? a) C18:1 cis-Δ8 b) C14:1 cis-Δ4 c) C18:1 cis-Δ6 d) C16:1 cis-Δ6
List the most likely cellular component or organelle that houses each of the following enzymes/proteins: (a) Enolase (b) Glycosyl transferase - this enzyme catalyzes the addition of glycosyl residues (carbohydrates) to proteins, resulting in the formation of modified, functional glycoproteins (c) Na+-K+ exchange transporter: This protein is responsible to shuttle Nat and K+ ions into and outside cells
Using the answer code on the right, indicate which form of energy production is being described: 1. takes place in the mitochondrial matrix 2. produces H2O as a by-product 3. results in a rich yield of ATP 4. takes place in the cytosol 5. processes acetyl-CoA 6. takes place in the mitochondrial innermembrane cristae 7. converts glucose into two pyruvate molecules 8. uses molecular oxygen 9. accomplished by the electron transport system and ATP synthase (a) glycolysis (b) citric acid cycle (c) oxidative phosphorylation
Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic condition characterized by an absence of functional LDL receptors on the surface of cells. Patients who are homozygous for familial hypercholesterolemia usually die of coronary artery disease in childhood. Which of the following disorders could mimic the symptoms of familial hypercholesterolemia? (A) LDL receptor endocytosis machinery is non-functional (B) lack of ATP allosteric site on AMPK(C) Golgi proteases that cleave SREBP are not synthesized (D) mutation in the HMG CoA reductase SRE sequence. (E) inability to secrete VLDL from the liver
Experiments performed in the 1950s to study fatty acid synthesis utilized cells containing radiolabeled 14C bicarbonate add to the cytosol. Insulin was added to the cells to stimulate fatty acid synthesis, and after a set amount of time, scientists assayed for the incorporation of 14C into various molecules. Where did the scientists find the 14C? (A) free floating in the cytoplasm(B) free floating in the mitochondria(C) incorporated into palmitate (C16) in the cytoplasm (C) incorporated into palmitate (C16) in the mitochondria (E) incorporated into acetyl CoA in the mitochondria
Leigh syndrome is characterized by psychomotor regression: that is, the progressive loss of mental andmovement abilities. Patients also suffer from lacticacidosis, a condition in which mitochondrial respiration is deficient, so their tissues metabolize glucoseanaerobically, leading to the buildup of lactate. Somepatients with Leigh syndrome have a mutation in themitochondrial gene MT-CO3, which encodes a subunit of the electron transport complex cytochromec oxidase. Other patients diagnosed with Leigh syndrome have a loss-of-function mutation in the nucleargene SURF1, which encodes a factor needed for theassembly of this same enzyme complex.a. How can the same symptoms result from mutationsin a mitochondrial gene and from mutations in anuclear gene?