New anti-cancer agents are being developed that target fatty acid synthase (FASN) due to a requirement for lipid synthesis to promote tumor cell replication. Describe why an enzyme inhibitor targeted to the following sites would or would not work to inhibit lipid synthesis. Explain your answer. If you’re not sure whether it will work, make an argument for and against it working. ACP site on FASN The dimer interface between monomers of FASN Targeting FASN to mitochondrial matrix

New anti-cancer agents are being developed that target fatty acid synthase (FASN) due to a requirement for lipid synthesis to promote tumor cell replication. Describe why an enzyme inhibitor targeted to the following sites would or would not work to inhibit lipid synthesis. Explain your answer. If you’re not sure whether it will work, make an argument for and against it working. ACP site on FASN The dimer interface between monomers of FASN Targeting FASN to mitochondrial matrix

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter4: Cells

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ITD

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

A common structural feature of membrane lipids is their amphipathic nature. For example, in phosphatidylcholine, the two fatty acid chains are hydrophobic and the phosphocholine head group is hydrophilic. For each of the following membrane lipids, name the components that serve as the hydrophobic and hydrophilic units: (a) phosphatidylethanolamine; (b) sphingomyelin; (c) galactosylcerebroside; (d) ganglioside; (e) cholesterol.
Give an example of a reducing sugar and a non-reducing sugar. What is the chemical group responsible for the reduction reaction in a reducing sugar? Certain fats are important components of a healthy diet. But transfats are associated with increased riskof heart disease. Are transfats saturated or unsaturated fatty acids? What is the difference in chemicalstructure between a transfat versus a cisfat? DNA and RNA are information molecules with different roles in gene expression. List three differences between these two types of molecules.
A common structural feature of membrane lipids is their amphipathic nature. For example, in phosphatidylcholine, the two fatty acid chains are hydrophobic and the phosphocholine head group is hydrophilic. For each of the following membrane lipids, name the components that are hydrophilic and hydrophobic.. a)phosphatidylethanolamine b) sphingomyelin c) galactosylcerebroside d) ganglioside e) cholesterol
Which of the following statements are correct about the thermodynamics of protein folding (select all that appy)? A. The deltaG for protein folding is negative B. Burial of hydrophobic side provides a positive entropy change that drive protein folding C. The overall entropy change of protein folding is favorable D. Intercations between amino acids provide a large negative deltaH that helps favor the native state. E. The free energy change of protein folding is dependent on the temperature
In lipid bilayers, there is an order– disorder transition similar to the melting of a crystal. In a lipid bilayer in which most of the fatty acids are unsaturated, would you expect this transition to occur at a higher temperature, a lower temperature, or the same temperature as it would in a lipid bilayer in which most of the fatty acids are saturated? Why?
A trisaccharide unit of a cellsurface glycoprotein is postulated to play a critical role in mediating cell–cell adhesion in a particular tissue. Design a simple experiment to test this hypothesis.
The manufacture of chocolates containing a liquid center is an interesting application of enzyme engineering. The flavored liquid center consists largely of an aqueous solution of sugars rich in fructose to providesweetness. The technical dilemma is the following: the chocolate coating must be prepared by pouring hot melted chocolate over a solid (or almost solid) core, yet the final product must have a liquid, fructose-rich center. Suggest a way to solve this problem. (Hint: Sucrose is much less soluble than a mixture of glucose and fructose.)
For each of the complex lipids below, choose (A) if the lipid concentration will increase or (B) if the lipid concentration will decrease when phosphatidic acid phosphatase is non-functional. ______ Triacylglycerol______ Phosphatidate______ Phospholipids made via CDP-DAG and a head group ______ Phospholipids made via DAG and an activated head group
In the degradation of glycogen, the purpose of the debranching enzyme is to remove the last four glucose molecules from branches structure of glycogen. It does this by catalyzing three different reactions. Use the equations below to answer parts a-c. Synthesis of α(1,6) link ΔG = +7.1 kJ Hydrolysis of α(1,4) link ΔG = ─15.5 kJ a)What are the three chemical reactions performed during the removal of the last four glucose molecules of the branching structure of glycogen? b) Calculate ΔG for each of the three reactions described in part a. c) Now calculate the overall energy change for the net reaction carried out by this enzyme. d) Why is this reaction favorable?
Cysteine proteases are enzymes that degrade proteins. You may have heard of some examples of these types of proteins before! Bromelain is an enzyme found in pineapple that is commonly used as a meat tenderizer and is the reason Jell-O with fresh pineapple will not solidify. Cysteine proteases are remarkably similar to serine proteases (like chymotrypsin), except they have a cysteine in their active site rather than a serine. Using the mechanism that we discussed for serine proteases, draw a corresponding mechanism for a cysteine protease cleaving the bond between an alanine-glycine dipeptide. Note that cysteine proteases do not require an aspartate in their active site. Also note that the cysteine is usually in its thiolate form (deprotonated) and the histidine is in its imidazolium form (fully protonated) in the resting state of the enzyme.
Branched-chain amino acids are important in metabolic processes for all of the following reasons except a. They serve as nonessential amino acids precursors. b. Their major role is in liver amino acid metabolism. c. They are a major transport form of amino nitrogen in blood. d. They are a critical source of hydrophobic side chains in DNA-binding proteins.
You are working on an enzyme that binds to a steroid hormone. Answer the following questions: • Is this likely to be a globular protein? Explain your answer. • The substrate is a steroid hormone. How does the enzyme bind to the steroid? (think about the non-covalent interactions that allow this to occur) • Describe the difference in net charge of the surface of this protein compared to the core of the protein. Are they most likely to be different or the same? Explain your answer. • Since this enzyme is extracellular, where in the cell would this enzyme be translated?