Answered: Nitrogen oxides are pollutants and…

Nitrogen oxides are pollutants and common by-products of power plants and automobiles. NO, can react with the NO in smog, forming a bond between the N atoms. .. :0: •N=0 product :O:

Pushing Electrons

4th Edition

ISBN:9781133951889

Author:Weeks, Daniel P.

Publisher:Weeks, Daniel P.

Chapter1: Lewis Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 34EQ: Chloromethane has the Lewis structure _______________________________ The carbon atom is sharing 4...

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Mole Concept

Mole concept is a method to determine the amount of any substance that consists of some elemental particles using a grouping unit called ‘mole’. The mole concept enables one to handle the large amount of small elementary particles. The mole concept can be used in many calculations related to mole calculation, molar amount, mole ratio, and so on, which are significant in chemistry.

Question

Nitrogen oxides are pollutants and common by-products of power plants and automobiles.
NO, can react with the NO in smog, forming a bond between the N atoms.
2.
:ö:
EN•
+ •N=0
product
Draw the structure of the resulting compound, including formal charges.
:O:

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Define formal charge and explain how to calculate it. What is the purpose of the formal charge? Organic compounds are composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen but also may have oxygen, nitrogen, and/or halogens in the formula. Formal charge arguments work very well for organic compounds when drawing the best Lewis structure. How do C, H, N, O, and Cl satisfy the octet rule in organic compounds so as to have a formula charge of zero?
Carbon monoxide (CO) forms bonds to a variety of metals and metal ions. liS ability to bond to iron in hemoglobin is the reason that CO is so toxic. The bond carbon monoxide forms to metals is through the carbon atom: MCO a. On the basis of electronegativities, would you expect the carbon atom or the oxgen atom to form bonds to metals? b. Assign formal charges to the atoms in CO. Which atom would you expect to bond to a metal on this basis? c. In the MO model, bonding MOs place more electron density near the more electronegative atom. (See the HF molecule in Figs. 4-54 and 4-55.) Antibonding MOs place more electron density near the less electronegative atom in the diatomic molecule. Use the MO model to predict which atom of carbon monoxide should form bonds to metals.
Cyanamide (H2NCN), an important industrial chemical, is produced by the following steps: Calcium cyanamide (CaNCN) is used as a direct-application fertilizer, weed killer, and cotton defoliant. It is also used to make cyanamide, dicyandiamide, and melamine plastics: a. Write Lewis structures for NCN2, H2NCN, dicyandiarnide, and melamine, including resonance structures where appropriate. b. Give the hybridization of the C and N atoms in each species. c. How many bonds and how many bonds are in each species? d. Is the ring in melamine planar? e. There are three different CN bond distances in dicyandiamide, NCNC(NH2)2, and the molecule is nonlinear. Of all the resonance structures you drew for this molecule, predict which should be the most important.
The following ions are best described with resonance structures. Draw the resonance structures, and using formal charge arguments, predict the best Lewis structure for each ion. a. NCO b. CNO
(a) Draw a Lewis structure for the ozone molecule, O3. (The order of atom attachment is OOO, and they do not form a ring.) Chemists use ozone to cleave carbon-carbon double bonds (Section 6.5C). (b) Draw four contributing resonance structures; include formal charges. (c) How does the resonance model account for the fact that the length of each OO bond in ozone (128 pm) is shorter than the OO single bond in hydrogen peroxide (HOOH, 147 pm) but longer than the OO double bond in the oxygen molecule (123 pm)?
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